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Modu (c. 234 – c. 174 BCE) was the son of Touman and the founder of the empire of the Xiongnu. He came to power by ordering his men to kill his father in 209 BCE. [2] [3] Modu ruled from 209 BCE to 174 BCE. He was a military leader under his father Touman and later Chanyu of the Xiongnu Empire, based on the Mongolian Plateau.
In 210 BC, Meng Tian died, and in 209 BC, Touman's son Modu became the Xiongnu Chanyu. In order to protect the Xiongnu from the threat of the Qin dynasty, Modu Chanyu united the Xiongnu into a powerful confederation. [66] This transformed the Xiongnu into a more formidable polity, able to form larger armies and exercise improved strategic ...
The chanyu (Touman) had a son and heir called Modu. Later, he had a beloved queen, who gave birth to a younger son. Touman wanted to cast aside Modu to install the young son. He managed to send Modu as a hostage to the Yuezhi. Upon Modu having become a hostage, Touman quickly attacked the Yuezhi. The Yuezhi wanted to kill Modu.
Reconstruction of a Xiongnu chief warrior, 2nd century BCE-1st century CE, by archaeologist A.N. Podushkin. Central State Museum of Kazakhstan. [1] [2]Chanyu (simplified Chinese: 单于; traditional Chinese: 單于; pinyin: Chányú) or Shanyu (Chinese: 善于), short for Chengli Gutu Chanyu (Chinese: 撐犁孤塗單于; pinyin: Chēnglí Gūtu Chányú), was the title used by the supreme ...
Xiongnu invasion of Donghu was a conflict between the Xiongnu and Donghu when Modu Chanyu came to power by ordering his men to kill his father in 209 BC. Modu Chanyu used the perceived weakness of the Xiongnu to his advantage [4] and defeated the Donghu Confederation, killing their leader and taking a great number of prisoners and livestock.
200 BC: Emperor Gaozu of Han marries a Han "princess" to Xiongnu chieftain Modu Chanyu. This is the first recorded incidence of heqin in Chinese history. 192 BC: Emperor Hui of Han marries another Han "princess" to Xiongnu chieftain Modu Chanyu. 176 BC: Emperor Wen of Han marries a third Han "princess" to Xiongnu chieftain Modu Chanyu.
Laoshang (Chinese: 老上; r. 174–161 BCE), whose personal name was Jiyu (Chinese: 稽鬻), was a Chanyu of the Xiongnu Empire who succeeded his father Modu Chanyu in 174 BCE. Under his reign, the Xiongnu Empire continued to expand against the Yuezhi and the Xiongnu thus gained control of the Hexi Corridor.
According to official history, Liu Yuan was a member of Xiongnu nobility, as a descendant of the first great chanyu in Xiongnu history, Modu Chanyu, who, along with their people, had long been loyal vassals to the Han dynasty and to its successor states Cao Wei and Jin. In late Wei or early Jin times, the Xiongnu nobles claimed that they ...