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The longleaf pine ecosystem is a temperate coniferous forest ecosystem found within the Southern United States. Spanning pine savannas , sandhills and montane forests , it includes many rare plant and animal species, and is one of the most biodiverse in North America . [ 1 ]
Old growth longleaf pine stand, scorched by fire (top); longleaf pine stand after timber removal (bottom) Before European settlement, longleaf pine forest dominated as much as 90,000,000 acres (360,000 km 2) stretching from Virginia south to Florida and west to East Texas. Its range was defined by the frequent widespread fires that were lit by ...
Flatwoods are an ecosystem maintained by wildfire or prescribed fire and are dominated by longleaf pine (Pinus palustris), and slash pine (Pinus elliotii) in the tree canopy and saw palmetto (Serenoa repens), gallberry (Ilex glabra) and other flammable evergreen shrubs in the understory, along with a high diversity of herb species.
These are woodlands dominated by longleaf pine (Pinus palustris) and subject to frequent fires.The Atlantic coastal plain upland longleaf pine woodlands occur on uplands and on the higher parts of upland-wetland mosaics, while the east Gulf coastal plain interior upland longleaf pine woodlands occur on rolling dissected uplands, inland of the coastal flatlands.
Before construction of railroads and establishment of settlements in the southern United States in the latter half of the 19th century, the longleaf pine ecosystem (Pinus palustris) dominated the landscape and extended from Virginia south and west into East Texas through nine US states, covering an area of more than 140,000 sq mi (360,000 km 2). [4]
Prescribed burn associations are proving key to conservationists’ efforts to restore a longleaf pine range forming the backbone of forest ecology in the American Southeast. A US pine species ...
It is a nationally important site for protection of longleaf pine savannas, pine flatwoods, and longleaf pine forests. More than 90 percent of this ecosystem type has been lost in the United States. [3] [4]
Outside of the national preserve, the Alabama-Coushatta people manage and protect longleaf pine ecosystems on their land. Prescribed fire and reforestation efforts protect greater than 400 acres (1.6 km 2) of forest dominated by Longleaf Pine (Pinus palustris), an important cultural symbol used in basket weaving. [5] [6]