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Loss of potency requires periodic replacement of the source in radiotherapy and is one reason why cobalt machines have been largely replaced by linear accelerators in modern radiation therapy. [175] Cobalt-57 (Co-57 or 57 Co) is a cobalt radioisotope most often used in medical tests, as a radiolabel for vitamin B 12 uptake, and for the ...
Like the periodic table, the list below organizes the elements by the number of protons in their atoms; it can also be organized by other properties, such as atomic weight, density, and electronegativity. For more detailed information about the origins of element names, see List of chemical element name etymologies.
The periodic table, elements being denoted by their symbols. Chemical symbols are the abbreviations used in chemistry, mainly for chemical elements; but also for functional groups, chemical compounds, and other entities.
The periodic table, ... Chalcogens Halogens Noble gases Period. 1. ... Periodic tables usually at least show the elements' symbols; many also provide ...
Carbon (from Latin carbo 'coal') is a chemical element; it has symbol C and atomic number 6. It is nonmetallic and tetravalent—meaning that its atoms are able to form up to four covalent bonds due to its valence shell exhibiting 4 electrons. It belongs to group 14 of the periodic table. [13] Carbon makes up about 0.025 percent of Earth's ...
Sam Kean (2011), The Disappearing Spoon and Other True Tales of Madness, Love, and the History of the World From the Periodic Table of the Elements, Back Bay Books/Little Brown and Company; John Emsley (2011), Nature's Building Blocks: An A-Z Guide to the Elements — New Edition, Oxford University Press
Mineral symbols (text abbreviations) are used to abbreviate mineral groups, subgroups, and species, just as lettered symbols are used for the chemical elements. The first set of commonly used mineral symbols was published in 1983 and covered the common rock-forming minerals using 192 two- or three-lettered symbols. [ 1 ]
Atomic number, Element, and Symbol all serve independently as unique identifiers. Element names are those accepted by IUPAC. Block indicates the periodic table block for each element: red = s-block, yellow = p-block, blue = d-block, green = f-block. Group and period refer to an element's position in the