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The Worldwide Governance Indicators (WGI) is a project that reports both aggregate and individual governance indicators for over 200 countries and territories covering the period from 1996 to 2021. It considers six dimensions of governance: [1] Voice and Accountability; Political Stability and Absence of Violence/Terrorism; Government Effectiveness
Despite the above noted limitations and concerns recent econometric research looking at how reliable some of these indicators are, vis-a-vis data collected from natural experiments and other observational surveys, have actually concluded that the Good Governance Indicators do in fact seem to be measuring, albeit imperfectly, levels of corruption and government effectiveness. [9]
The Sustainable Governance Indicators (SGI), first published in spring 2009 and updated in 2011, analyze and compare the need for reform in Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) member countries, as well as each country's ability to respond to current social and political challenges.
University of Maryland School of Public Policy professor and former Chief Economist for the World Bank Herman E. Daly (working from theory initially developed by Romanian economist Nicholas Georgescu-Roegen and laid out in his 1971 opus "The Entropy Law and the Economic Process") suggested the following three operational rules defining the condition of ecological (thermodynamic) sustainability:
[6] [7] [8] Under increasing pressure from different stakeholder groups, such as governments, consumers and investors, to be more transparent about their environmental, economic, and social impacts, many companies publish a sustainability report, also known as a corporate social responsibility or environmental, social, and governance report ...
[4] [2] For organizations, sustainability measures include corporate sustainability reporting and Triple Bottom Line accounting. [1] For countries, they include estimates of the quality of sustainability governance or quality of life measures, or environmental assessments like the Environmental Sustainability Index and Environmental Performance ...
All you have to do to calculate it is divide a company’s net income by its total assets. Imagine that a company has $1 million in assets and generates $100,000 in net income. Dividing $100,000 ...
Corporate sustainability reporting practice is rooted in the multidimensional concept of CSR and in the stakeholders model of corporate governance in Europe, which places emphasis on the importance of understanding the company as an entity with relationships with its stakeholders and the environment.