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Lactuca, commonly known as lettuce, is a genus of flowering plants in the family Asteraceae. The genus includes at least 50 species, distributed worldwide, but mainly in temperate Eurasia . Its best-known representative is the garden lettuce ( Lactuca sativa ), with its many varieties.
Lettuce (Lactuca sativa) is an annual plant of the family Asteraceae mostly grown as a leaf vegetable. The leaves are most often used raw in green salads , although lettuce is also seen in other kinds of food, such as sandwiches, wraps and soups; it can also be grilled. [ 3 ]
Lactuca serriola is the wild progenitor of cultivated lettuce (Lactuca sativa) and can be affected by lettuce downy mildew, one of the most serious diseases of lettuce. [12] L. serriola has shown resistance to the plant pathogen Bremia lactucae , the cause of the disease. [ 12 ]
Lactuca virosa. Lactuca virosa is a plant in the Lactuca (lettuce) genus, often ingested for its mild analgesic and sedative effects. [2] It is related to common lettuce (), and is often called wild lettuce, bitter lettuce, laitue vireuse, opium lettuce, poisonous lettuce, tall lettuce, great lettuce [3] or rakutu-karyumu-so.
Romaine or cos lettuce (Lactuca sativa L. var. longifolia) is a variety of lettuce that grows in a tall head of sturdy dark green leaves with firm ribs down their centers. Unlike most lettuces, it is tolerant of heat.
Although the standard definition of lactucarium requires its production from Lactuca virosa, it was recognized that smaller quantities of lactucarium could be produced in a similar way from Lactuca sativa and Lactuca canadensis var. elongata, and even that lettuce-opium obtained from Lactuca serriola or Lactuca quercina was of superior quality. [7]
Sea lettuce is eaten by a number of different sea animals, including manatees and the sea slugs known as sea hares.Many species of sea lettuce are a food source for humans in Scandinavia, Great Britain, Ireland, China, and Japan (where this food is known as aosa).
Celtuce (/ˈsɛlt.əs/) (Lactuca sativa var. augustana, [3] [4] [5] angustata, or asparagina), also called stem lettuce, [6] celery lettuce, asparagus lettuce, [7] or Chinese lettuce, is a cultivar of lettuce grown primarily for its thick stem or its leaves. It is used as a vegetable.