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Ichthyosis (also named fish scale disease) [1] is a family of genetic skin disorders characterized by dry, thickened, scaly skin. [2] The more than 20 types of ichthyosis range in severity of symptoms, outward appearance, underlying genetic cause and mode of inheritance (e.g., dominant, recessive, autosomal or X-linked). [3]
Hyperhidrosis is a medical condition in which a person exhibits excessive sweating, [1][2] more than that required for the regulation of body temperature. [3] Although it is primarily a physical burden, hyperhidrosis can deteriorate the quality of life of the people who are affected from a psychological, emotional, and social perspective. [4]
Xeroderma, xerosis or xerosis cutis, or simply dry skin, is a skin condition characterized by excessively dry skin. [2] The term derives from Greek ξηρός (xeros) 'dry' and δέρμα (derma) 'skin'. In most cases, dry skin can safely be treated with moisturizers (also called emollients). Xeroderma occurs most commonly on the scalp, lower ...
Hyperkeratosis is thickening of the stratum corneum (the outermost layer of the epidermis, or skin), often associated with the presence of an abnormal quantity of keratin, [1] and is usually accompanied by an increase in the granular layer. As the corneum layer normally varies greatly in thickness in different sites, some experience is needed ...
Psoriasis is a long-lasting, noncontagious autoimmune disease characterized by patches of abnormal skin. [ 4 ][ 5 ] These areas are red, pink, or purple, dry, itchy, and scaly. [ 8 ][ 3 ] Psoriasis varies in severity from small localized patches to complete body coverage. [ 3 ] Injury to the skin can trigger psoriatic skin changes at that spot ...
Paronychia is an inflammation of the skin around the nail, which can occur suddenly (acute), when it is usually due to the bacterium Staphylococcus aureus, or gradually (chronic) when it is commonly caused by Candida albicans. [2] The term is from Greek: παρωνυχία from para, "around", onyx, "nail" and the noun suffix -ia. [7] [8]
Callus. A callus (pl.: calluses) is an area of thickened and sometimes hardened skin that forms as a response to repeated friction, pressure, or other irritation. Since repeated contact is required, calluses are most often found on the feet and hands, but they may occur anywhere on the skin. Some degree of callus, such as on the bottom of the ...
Scleroderma is a group of autoimmune diseases that may result in changes to the skin, blood vessels, muscles, and internal organs. [ 2 ][ 6 ][ 8 ] The disease can be either localized to the skin or involve other organs, as well. [ 2 ] Symptoms may include areas of thickened skin, stiffness, feeling tired, and poor blood flow to the fingers or ...