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The runner of the small water turbine. A water turbine is a rotary machine that converts kinetic energy and potential energy of water into mechanical work. Water turbines were developed in the 19th century and were widely used for industrial power prior to electrical grids. Now, they are mostly used for electric power generation.
A : Generator; B : Turbine; 1 : Stator, 2 : Rotor, 3 : Wicket gate, 4 : Turbine blade, 5 : Water flow, 6 : Turbine generator shaft. Reason This is an image of a water turbine that caught my eye, and does a good job of explaining the parts in a water turbine that move to generate electrical force from flowing water.
The Francis turbine is a type of water turbine. It is an inward-flow reaction turbine that combines radial and axial flow concepts. Francis turbines are the most common water turbine in use today, and can achieve over 95% efficiency. [1] The process of arriving at the modern Francis runner design took from 1848 to approximately 1920. [1]
Segner-wheel: A – water inlet, B – vertical tube with rotor, C – rotor with nozzles (side view), D – rotor with nozzles ("top" view), E – hole in the ground, F – belt-pulley transmission, G – powered device. The Segner wheel or Segner turbine is a type of water turbine invented by Johann Andreas Segner in the 18th century. [1]
The impulse energy of the water jet exerts torque on the bucket-and-wheel system, spinning the wheel; the water jet does a "u-turn" and exits at the outer sides of the bucket, decelerated to a low velocity. In the process, the water jet's momentum is transferred to the wheel and hence to a turbine. Thus, "impulse" energy does work on the turbine.
Drawing of the Steffturbine. The Steffturbine is driven by the potential energy of the water, it operates like an overshot water wheel. It comprises a conveyor chain equipped with profiled paddles circulating around two wheels. These wheels are arranged so that the flowing water drives the conveyor chain on an inclined plane. [2]
The original can be viewed here: Water turbine.svg: . Modifications made by Bammesk. Licensing. Public domain Public domain false false:
A water power engine includes prime movers driven by water and which may be classified under three categories: [1] Water pressure motors, having a piston and cylinder with inlet and outlet valves: their action is that analogous of a steam- or gas-engine with water as the working fluid – see water engine