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Flavonoids (contained in many medicinal plants) [5] Vitamin P, citrin Flavonoids, bioflavonoids Hemolytic anemia, kidney damage [5] Germander: Teucrium: Liver damage [3] [5] Ginger: Zingiber officinale: May increase the risk of bleeding [16] Ginkgo: gingko Ginkgo biloba: Bleeding [15] [16] American Ginseng
Many of these plants are used intentionally as psychoactive drugs, for medicinal, religious, and/or recreational purposes. Some have been used ritually as entheogens for millennia. [1] [2] The plants are listed according to the specific psychoactive chemical substances they contain; many contain multiple known psychoactive compounds.
Entheogenic drugs and the archaeological record; Hallucinogenic fish; List of plants used for smoking; List of psychoactive substances and precursor chemicals derived from genetically modified organisms; List of psychoactive substances derived from artificial fungi biotransformation; List of substances used in rituals; Medicinal fungi
Handbook of phytochemical constituents of GRAS herbs and other economic plants (Second ed.). Boca Raton, FL, United States: CRC Press. ISBN 9780849338656. Ott, Jonathan (1996). Pharmacotheon: Entheogenic drugs, their plant sources and history. Kennewick, US: Natural Products Co. ISBN 978-0-9614234-8-3. Wasson, R. Gordon (1980).
Psychoactive plants are plants, or preparations thereof, that upon ingestion induce psychotropic effects. As stated in a reference work: As stated in a reference work: Psychoactive plants are plants that people ingest in the form of simple or complex preparations in order to affect the mind or alter the state of consciousness .
Detoxification (often shortened to detox and sometimes called body cleansing) is a type of alternative-medicine treatment which aims to rid the body of unspecified "toxins" – substances that proponents claim accumulate in the body over time and have undesirable short-term or long-term effects on individual health.
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Many cacti are known to be psychoactive, containing phenethylamine alkaloids such as mescaline. [1] However, the two main ritualistic (folkloric) genera are Echinopsis, of which the most psychoactive species occur in the San Pedro cactus group (including Echinopsis pachanoi, syn. Trichocereus pachanoi, Echinopsis Peruviana, syn. Trichocereus peruvianus and Echinopsis lageniformis, syn ...