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In hematology, plasma cell dyscrasias (also termed plasma cell disorders and plasma cell proliferative diseases) are a spectrum of progressively more severe monoclonal gammopathies in which a clone or multiple clones of pre-malignant or malignant plasma cells (sometimes in association with lymphoplasmacytoid cells or B lymphocytes) over-produce and secrete into the blood stream a myeloma ...
The most immature blood cell that is considered of plasma cell lineage is the plasmablast. [11] Plasmablasts secrete more antibodies than B cells, but less than plasma cells. [12] They divide rapidly and are still capable of internalizing antigens and presenting them to T cells. [12]
Plasma cell leukemia (PCL) is a plasma cell dyscrasia, i.e. a disease involving the malignant degeneration of a subtype of white blood cells called plasma cells.It is the terminal stage and most aggressive form of these dyscrasias, constituting 2% to 4% of all cases of plasma cell malignancies.
Franklin's disease (gamma heavy chain disease) It is a very rare B-cell lymphoplasma cell proliferative disorder which may be associated with autoimmune diseases and infection is a common characteristic of the disease. [6] It is characterized by lymphadenopathy, fever, anemia, malaise, hepatosplenomegaly, and weakness.
Long-lived plasma cells (LLPCs) are a distinct subset of plasma cells that play a crucial role in maintaining humoral memory and long-term immunity. [1] They continuously produce and secrete high-affinity antibodies into the bloodstream, conversely to memory B cells , which are quiescent and respond quickly to antigens upon recall.
Multiple myeloma (MM), also known as plasma cell myeloma and simply myeloma, is a cancer of plasma cells, a type of white blood cell that normally produces antibodies. [6] Often, no symptoms are noticed initially. [ 10 ]
Isogenic cell lines are created via a process called homologous gene-targeting. Targeting vectors that utilize homologous recombination are the tools or techniques that are used to knock-in or knock-out the desired disease-causing mutation or SNP (single nucleotide polymorphism) to be studied. Although disease mutations can be harvested ...
The expression is lost on plasma blasts and plasma cells. [12] [13] CD20 is a marker of B cell malignancies. It is found on B-cell lymphomas, hairy cell leukemia, B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia, and melanoma cancer stem cells. [14] Immunohistochemistry can be used to determine the presence of CD20 on cells in histological tissue sections.