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The products of chalk weathering are dissolved in rainwater and are transported in stream flow. Chalk streams transport little suspended material (unlike most rivers), but are considered "mineral-rich" due to the dissolved calcium and carbonate ions. The surface water of chalk streams is commonly described as "gin clear".
The River Chess is a chalk stream that rises near Chesham in the Chiltern Hills, and flows for 11 miles (18 km) through Buckinghamshire and Hertfordshire to its confluence with the River Colne in Rickmansworth. The Chess, along with the Colne and Gade, gives rise to the name of the district of Three Rivers.
It rises in the Berkshire Downs near its namesake village of Lambourn and is a tributary of the River Kennet, which is itself a tributary of the River Thames. The river is a 28.9-hectare (71-acre) biological Site of Special Scientific Interest [ 1 ] [ 2 ] and Special Protection Area under the European Union Directive on the Conservation of Wild ...
The river rises at Mead End near Bowerchalke and flows 1.2 miles north through the Chalke Valley to join the Ebble at Mount Sorrel, just upstream of Broad Chalke. It provides a steady, year-round flow of water; above the junction the Ebble is a winterbourne. A typical chalk stream, the Chalke is noted for its brown trout and fish farms.
At Puddletown, 6 miles (9.7 km) south of the source, the chalk dips below clay and alluvial sand and gravel geology with a flatter landscape of water-meadows. [3] Here, the Piddle turns to follow an east-south-easterly direction 12 miles (19 km) to Wareham, where it enters Poole Harbour via Wareham Channel.
A wide variety of river and stream channel types exist in limnology, the study of inland waters.All these can be divided into two groups by using the water-flow gradient as either low gradient channels for streams or rivers with less than two percent (2%) flow gradient, or high gradient channels for those with greater than a 2% gradient.
The River Test is a chalk stream in Hampshire in the south of England. It rises at Ashe near Basingstoke and flows southwards for 40 miles (64 km) to Southampton Water. Settlements on the Test include the towns of Stockbridge and Romsey. The river's valley gives its name to the local government district of Test Valley.
The state of the upper Beane resulted in calls for the river's restoration. [6] The management plan for the river includes the objective that there is adequate flow along the length of the river to support a ‘good status’ chalk stream ecology (as defined by the European Union's Water Framework Directive).