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For example, in an MDMA ("ecstasy" and "molly") comedown, if the user experiences severe, persisting emotional distress, such as panic attacks, severe generalized anxiety, or insomnia following an MDMA session, a physician may prescribe a benzodiazepine (specifically, lorazepam) and/or sleep aid (e.g., zolpidem), to alleviate those effects.
Approximately 60% of MDMA users experience withdrawal symptoms when they stop taking MDMA. [75] Some of these symptoms include fatigue, loss of appetite, depression, and trouble concentrating. [75] Tolerance to some of the desired and adverse effects of MDMA is expected to occur with consistent MDMA use. [75]
In addition, sustained use of some substances may produce physical or psychological dependence or both, associated with physical or psychological withdrawal symptoms respectively. [7] Drug rehabilitation attempts to reduce addiction through a combination of psychotherapy , support groups, and other psychoactive substances.
Substance-induced psychosis (commonly known as toxic psychosis or drug-induced psychosis) is a form of psychosis that is attributed to substance intoxication, withdrawal or recent consumption of psychoactive drugs. It is a psychosis that results from the effects of various substances, such as medicinal and nonmedicinal substances, legal and ...
para-Methoxyamphetamine (PMA), also known as 4-methoxyamphetamine (4-MA), is a designer drug of the amphetamine class with serotonergic effects. [2] [3] [4] Unlike other similar drugs of this family, PMA does not produce stimulant, euphoriant, or entactogen effects, [5] and behaves more like an antidepressant in comparison, [6] though it does have some psychedelic properties.
Benzylpiperazine (BZP) is a substance often used as a recreational drug and is known to have euphoriant and stimulant properties. Several studies conducted between 2000 and 2011 found that the effects of BZP are similar to amphetamine, although BZP's dosage is roughly 10 times higher by weight.
Pink cocaine is a recreational drug typically mixing methamphetamine, ketamine and MDMA. Addiction specialist Richard Taite told Us in October 2024 that pink cocaine "has nothing to do with ...
A number of deaths have been attributed to tablets sold as ecstasy that contained other substances, such as PMMA's structural analog, PMA. [ 29 ] [ 30 ] Death can occur when an ecstasy user believes they are consuming recreational doses of MDMA, when they are in fact consuming a lethal dose of another substance with similar effects.
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