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Dilated fundus examination (DFE) is a diagnostic procedure that uses mydriatic eye drops to dilate or enlarge the pupil in order to obtain a better view of the fundus of the eye. [1] Once the pupil is dilated, examiners use ophthalmoscopy to view the eye's interior, which makes it easier to assess the retina , optic nerve head , blood vessels ...
Mydriasis is the dilation of the pupil, usually having a non-physiological cause, [3] or sometimes a physiological pupillary response. [4] Non-physiological causes of mydriasis include disease, trauma, or the use of certain types of drugs.
Most commonly associated with cataract surgery and certain medications, such as sildenafil, cyanopsia is typically a temporary side effect rather than a standalone disease. The condition primarily affects the retina , the light-sensitive layer at the back of the eye , and sometimes the optic nerve , which transmits visual signals to the brain .
The pupil is a hole through which the eye's interior can be viewed. For better viewing, the pupil can be opened wider (dilated; mydriasis) before ophthalmoscopy using medicated eye drops (dilated fundus examination). However, undilated examination is more convenient (albeit not as comprehensive), and is the most common type in primary care.
An eye examination, commonly known as an eye test, [1] is a series of tests performed to assess vision and ability to focus on and discern objects. [2] It also includes other tests and examinations of the eyes. [2] Eye examinations are primarily performed by an optometrist, ophthalmologist, or an orthoptist.
Tropicamide, sold under the brand name Mydriacyl among others, is a medication used to dilate the pupil and help with examination of the eye. [3] Specifically it is used to help examine the back of the eye. [4] It is applied as eye drops. [3] Effects occur within 40 minutes and last for up to a day. [3]
Dilation and constriction of the pupil Pupillary response is a physiological response that varies the size of the pupil between 1.5 mm and 8 mm, [ 1 ] via the optic and oculomotor cranial nerve. A constriction response ( miosis ), [ 2 ] is the narrowing of the pupil, which may be caused by scleral buckles or drugs such as opiates / opioids or ...
It is commonly used as an eye drop during pediatric eye examinations to dilate the eye and prevent the eye from focusing/accommodating (cycloplegic). Cyclopentolate [citation needed] or atropine can also be administered to reverse muscarinic and central nervous system effects of indirect cholinomimetic (anti-AChase) administration.