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The historic counties of England are areas that were established for administration by the Normans, in many cases based on earlier kingdoms and shires created by the Angles, Saxons, Jutes, Celts and others. They are alternatively known as ancient counties, [2] [3] traditional counties, [4] former counties [5] [6] or simply as counties. [7]
Shortening of Lincolnshire, old name for Lincoln’s yellow belly soldiers Middlesex: The Capital County: Location of London, capital of England [5] Monmouthshire / Sir Fynwy Mons / Fynwy Shortening of Monmouthshire / Shorthand from Welsh Norfolk: Nelson's County Naval officer Horatio Nelson born in Norfolk. [6] Northamptonshire: Rose of the Shires
The Scottish counties have their origins in the 'sheriffdoms' first created in the reign of Alexander I (1107–24) and extended by David I (1124–53). The sheriff, operating from a royal castle, was the strong hand of the king in his sheriffdom with all embracing duties – judicial, military, financial and administrative.
The counties of England are a type of subdivision of England.Counties have been used as administrative areas in England since Anglo-Saxon times. There are three definitions of county in England: the 48 ceremonial counties used for the purposes of lieutenancy; the 84 metropolitan and non-metropolitan counties for local government; [a] and the 39 historic counties.
This is a list of the counties of the United Kingdom. The history of local government in the United Kingdom differs between England, Northern Ireland, Scotland and Wales, and the subnational divisions within these which have been called counties have varied over time and by purpose.
Geographic counties (also known as ceremonial counties) established in antiquity. Establishments : Ancient – 1182 – 1373 – 1889 – 1965 – 1974 – 1996 – 1997 – 1998
Chapman codes have no mapping, postal or administrative use. They can however be useful for disambiguation by postal services where a full county name or traditional abbreviation is not supplied after a place name which has more than one occurrence, a particular problem where these are post towns such as Richmond.
Today in England, the pre-1974 county boundaries survive in the form of historic counties, also known as traditional counties. This could refer to the counties at any point from the Domesday Book to 1974, as the boundaries often changed in between then. In medieval times, counties were administered by a sheriff (meaning shire-reeve). Prior to ...