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In theory, the solidus was struck from pure gold, but because of the limits of refining techniques, in practice – the coins were often about 23k fine (95.8% gold). In the Greek-speaking world during the Roman period, and then in the Byzantine economy, the solidus was known as the νÏŒμισμα (nomisma, plural nomismata). [4]
Solidus minted during the second reign of Justinian II (705–711). Early Byzantine coins continue the late Greco-Roman conventions: on the obverse the head of the Roman Emperor, now full face rather than in profile; [note 1] on the reverse, usually a Christian symbol such as the cross or an angel (the two tending to merge into one another).
' standard coin ') was the name given to the gold Byzantine solidus when the slightly lighter tetarteron was introduced in the 960s. To distinguish the two, the histamenon was changed in form from the original solidus, becoming wider and thinner, as well as concave in form.
Gold tetarteron of the sole rule of Empress Theodora (r. 1055–1056).. Ever since Emperor Constantine I (r. 306–337), the Byzantine Empire's main coinage had been the high-quality solidus or nomisma, which had remained standard in weight and gold content through the centuries.
Israeli archaeologists have hailed the discovery of 44 gold coins in a wall as a rare glimpse into the Byzantine Empire past at a time of violent conquest.
Byzantine mints at the time of Justinian I (mid-6th century) The East Roman or Byzantine Empire established and operated several mints throughout its history (330–1453). ). Aside from the main metropolitan mint in the capital, Constantinople, a varying number of provincial mints were also established in other urban centres, especially during the 6th cen
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