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A choke is designed to alter or shape the distribution of the shot as it leaves the firearm. For shooting most game birds and clay pigeons, a desirable pattern is one that is as large as possible while being dense enough to ensure multiple hits on the target, at a particular range. The choke should be tailored to the range and size of the targets.
However, when a shotgun has a rifled barrel, it is considered a rifle, and it becomes legal for hunting roe deer with a minimum caliber 5.56 mm (0.219 in) and 980 J (720 ft⋅lbf) at a 100 m (110 yd) and deer or wild boar with a minimum caliber 6.5 mm (0.26 in) and 2,200 J (1,600 ft⋅lbf) at 100 m (110 yd).
The limited range of the slow, heavy slug—even a saboted slug—compared to a rifle bullet offers a safety advantage by limiting the maximum range. While buckshot is capable of taking deer-sized game, it is only effective at short ranges, generally under 50 yards (46 meters). A properly selected barrel and slug load can increase the range to ...
Shot is termed either birdshot or buckshot depending on the shot size. Informally, birdshot pellets have a diameter smaller than 5 mm (0.20 in) and buckshot are larger than that. Pellet size is indicated by a number; for bird shot this ranges from the smallest 12 (1.2 mm, 0.05 in) to 2 (3.8 mm, 0.15 in) and then BB (4.6 mm, 0.18 in). [15]
Having two barrels lets the shooter use a more open choke for near targets, and a tighter choke for distant targets, [6] providing the optimal shot pattern for each distance. The disadvantage lies in the fact that the barrels of a double-barreled shotgun, whether over-and-under or side-by-side, are not parallel, but slightly angled, [ citation ...
FieldMaster Deer 12 gauge 20 in (510 mm) Fully rifled 20-inch fully rifled barrel with adjustable rifle sights. Satin black finish with walnut stock and fore-end with rubber recoil pad. [13] 410 Turkey TSS .410-bore 25 in (640 mm) Vent Rib, Rem Choke Extended full choke, TRUGLO rail system. Receiver milled for maximum strength and reliability. [13]
The British system for designating buckshot size is based on the amount of shot per ounce. The sizes are LG (large grape – from grapeshot derived from musket shooting), MG (medium grape), and SG (small grape). For smaller game, SSG shot is half the weight of SG, SSSG shot is half the weight of SSG, SSSSG shot is half the weight of SSSG, and ...
2 + 3 ⁄ 4-in or 3-inch 12 gauge shot shell: Caliber: 12 gauge: Action: Gas operated: Muzzle velocity: 403 m/s (1,325 ft/s) for 12 gauge, 2 + 3 ⁄ 4-inch, 00 buckshot load 475 m/s (1,560 ft/s) for 12-gauge 437 grain rifled slug: Effective firing range: 40 m: Maximum firing range: 100 m: Feed system: 2 to 4 rounds; internal tube magazine [1 ...