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Lyme disease, also known as Lyme borreliosis, is a tick-borne disease caused by species of Borrelia bacteria, transmitted by blood-feeding ticks in the genus Ixodes. [4] [9] [10] The most common sign of infection is an expanding red rash, known as erythema migrans (EM), which appears at the site of the tick bite about a week afterwards. [1]
Lyme disease can affect anyone, but according to the Virginia Department of Health, it is more common in those under 16 years of age or people older than 30 years of age.
Lyme disease can happen to any age group, but those at higher-risk are people who spend a lot of time outdoors in the forest and forest-like areas. Female deer tick. Ladislav Kubeš - Getty Images
On November 19, 1992 in Los Angeles, Varsi died of respiratory failure at the age of 54. [20] [21] She also suffered from Lyme disease. [20] She is buried at Mount Tamalpais Cemetery in San Rafael, California. [22] [23]
Human infectious diseases may be characterized by their case fatality rate (CFR), the proportion of people diagnosed with a disease who die from it (cf. mortality rate).It should not be confused with the infection fatality rate (IFR), the estimated proportion of people infected by a disease-causing agent, including asymptomatic and undiagnosed infections, who die from the disease.
Anywhere from 30,000 up to 500,000 people develop Lyme disease from a tick bite each year, according to the C DC. For most, the infection is mild and easily treated with antibiotics.
The reaction is also seen in the other diseases caused by spirochetes: Lyme disease, relapsing fever, and leptospirosis. [4] There have been case reports of the Jarisch–Herxheimer reaction accompanying treatment of other infections, including Q fever, bartonellosis, brucellosis, trichinellosis, and African trypanosomiasis. [3]
Borrelia mayonii was identified as a sensu lato (broad sense), genospecies (Bbsl) of the known microbe, Borrelia burgdorferi. [2] A genospecies is a cluster of organisms with similar core genes that usually does not undergo genetic recombination with diverged organisms. [3]