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Irukandji syndrome is a condition that results from envenomation by certain box jellyfish. [4] In rare instances the sting may result in cardiac arrest and death. [ 5 ] The most common jellyfish involved is the Carukia barnesi , a species of Irukandji jellyfish . [ 4 ]
John Handyside (Jack) Barnes MBE (1922–1985) was a physician and toxinologist in Queensland, Australia. Born in Charleville he is known for his research on the box jellyfish . In 1961, Barnes confirmed the cause of the Irukandji syndrome was a sting from a small box jellyfish : the Irukandji jellyfish , which can fire venom-filled stingers ...
Carukia barnesi is an extremely venomous jellyfish found near Australia. Stings can result in Irukandji syndrome, and this species is commonly known as Irukandji jellyfish, although this name does not distinguish it from other Irukandji jellyfish such as Malo kingi. A mature C. barnesi's bell is only 12 by 30 millimetres (0.47 by 1.18 in) in ...
In 1945, he described another jellyfish envenoming which he named the "Irukandji Syndrome", later identified as caused by the box jellyfish species Carukia barnesi. [42] In Australia, fatalities are most often caused by the largest species of this class of jellyfish, Chironex fleckeri, one of the world's most venomous creatures. [42]
Irukandji are rarely found outside Queensland, the Northern Territory and Western Australia.Between 1985 and 1997 from cases of Irukandji sting where location was recorded, there were 83.4% in Queensland, 9.1% in the Northern Territory, and 7.5% in Western Australia; 81.5% of cases occurred in the afternoon. [3]
A scale illustration of an Irukandji jellyfish and its tentacles.Below the jelly's medusa bell are two polyp forms of the species.. Irukandji jellyfish are very small, with a bell about 5 millimetres (0.20 in) to 25 millimetres (0.98 in) wide and four long tentacles, which range in length from just a few centimetres up to 1 metre (3.3 ft) in length.
Malo kingi or the common kingslayer is a species of Irukandji jellyfish.It was first described to science in 2007, and is one of four species in the genus Malo. [1] It has one of the world's most potent venoms, even though it is no bigger than a human thumbnail. [2]
Carukiidae use nematocysts as a defense mechanism; they releases a venom from the tips of their nematocysts, producing the Irukandji syndrome. [3] Even though positions of spines on the shaft of the Carukiidae cause illness, there are areas on the body that do not. The rhopalial niche openings, which discern light, do not incur any illness. The ...