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COVID-19 rapid antigen tests or RATs, also frequently called COVID-19 lateral flow tests or LFTs, are rapid antigen tests used to detect SARS-CoV-2 infection . They are quick to implement with minimal training, cost a fraction of other forms of COVID-19 testing , and give users a result within 5–30 minutes.
A lateral flow test (LFT), [1] is an assay also known as a lateral flow device (LFD), lateral flow immunochromatographic assay, or rapid test. It is a simple device intended to detect the presence of a target substance in a liquid sample without the need for specialized and costly equipment.
A COVID-19 Rapid Antigen test(top) with a Covid-19 Rapid Antigen and a Influenza A&B Rapid Antigen Test(bottom) A rapid antigen test (RAT), sometimes called a rapid antigen detection test (RADT), antigen rapid test (ART), or loosely just a rapid test, is a rapid diagnostic test suitable for point-of-care testing that directly detects the presence or absence of an antigen.
Quidel's "Sofia 2 SARS Antigen FIA" [66] [163] is a lateral flow test that uses monoclonal antibodies to detect the virus's nucleocapsid (N) protein. [164] The result is read out by the company's Sofia 2 device using immunofluorescence. [164] The test is simpler and cheaper but less accurate than nucleic acid tests.
This technology builds on the conventional lateral flow test which is capable of detecting many infectious agents and chemical contaminants. The main advantage of this is that it is largely a passively controlled device unlike more complex microfluidic devices.
Emerging lateral flow technology, the Cornell FeverPhone, has been validated to differentiate causes of acute febrile illness such as Dengue Virus, [5] Chikugunya Virus [5] and Malaria [6] using a single drop of blood in about 15 minutes. [7] Rapid diagnostic test & thermometer
[107] [108] [109] The 'Ellume COVID-19 Home Test' is a rapid, lateral flow antigen test, a type of test that runs a liquid sample along a surface with reactive molecules. [107] The test detects fragments of proteins of the SARS-CoV-2 virus from a nasal swab sample from any individual two years of age or older. [ 107 ]
Abingdon Health develops and manufactures tests on behalf of its contract customers and has produced and commercialised its own products. Abingdon Health has developed and manufactured sandwich (Non-Competitive) and Inhibition (Competitive) lateral flow immunoassays in areas such as COVID-19, Sexual Health, Fertility, Animal Health, Plant Health, to name a few.