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  2. cron - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cron

    The cron in Version 7 Unix was a system service (later called a daemon) invoked from /etc/rc when the operating system entered multi-user mode. [10] Its algorithm was straightforward: Read /usr/lib/crontab [11] Determine if any commands must run at the current date and time, and if so, run them as the superuser, root. Sleep for one minute

  3. List of GNU Core Utilities commands - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_GNU_Core_Utilities...

    This is a list of commands from the GNU Core Utilities for Unix environments. These commands can be found on Unix operating systems and most Unix-like operating systems. GNU Core Utilities include basic file, shell and text manipulation utilities. Coreutils includes all of the basic command-line tools that are expected in a POSIX system.

  4. List of POSIX commands - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_POSIX_commands

    This is a list of POSIX (Portable Operating System Interface) commands as specified by IEEE Std 1003.1-2024, which is part of the Single UNIX Specification (SUS). These commands can be found on Unix operating systems and most Unix-like operating systems.

  5. at (command) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/At_(command)

    This parameter runs the given command on every specified day or days of the week or month. date This parameter specifies the date when to run the given command. One or more days of the week can be specified. If date is omitted, at uses the current day of the month. /next: This parameter runs command on the next occurrence of the day. command

  6. Stand-alone shell - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stand-alone_shell

    Stand-alone shell (sash) is a Unix shell designed for use in recovering from certain types of system failures and errors.. The built-in commands of sash have all libraries linked statically, so unlike most shells on Linux, the standard UNIX commands do not rely on external libraries.

  7. Magic SysRq key - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magic_SysRq_key

    The magic SysRq key is a key combination understood by the Linux kernel, which allows the user to perform various low-level commands regardless of the system's state. It is often used to recover from freezes , or to reboot a computer without corrupting the filesystem . [ 1 ]

  8. utmp - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Utmp

    Furthermore, the value "~" as a terminal name with username "shutdown" or "reboot" indicates a system shutdown or reboot (respectively). [2] These files are not set by any given PAM module (such as pam_unix.so or pam_sss.so) but are set by the application performing the operation (e.g. mingetty, /bin/login, or sshd). As such it is the ...

  9. systemd - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Systemd

    systemd tracks processes using the Linux kernel's cgroups subsystem instead of using process identifiers (PIDs); thus, daemons cannot "escape" systemd, not even by double-forking. systemd not only uses cgroups, but also augments them with systemd-nspawn and machinectl , two utility programs that facilitate the creation and management of Linux ...