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Example Bjerrum plot: Change in carbonate system of seawater from ocean acidification.. A Bjerrum plot (named after Niels Bjerrum), sometimes also known as a Sillén diagram (after Lars Gunnar Sillén), or a Hägg diagram (after Gunnar Hägg) [1] is a graph of the concentrations of the different species of a polyprotic acid in a solution, as a function of pH, [2] when the solution is at ...
Atmospheric pollutant concentrations expressed as mass per unit volume of atmospheric air (e.g., mg/m 3, μg/m 3, etc.) at sea level will decrease with increasing altitude because the atmospheric pressure decreases with increasing altitude. The change of atmospheric pressure with altitude can be obtained from this equation: [2]
George Wallerstein and Beatrice Tinsley were early users of the [α/Fe] vs. [Fe/H] diagrams. In 1962, George Wallerstein noted, based on the analysis of a sample of 34 Galactic field stars, that "the [α/Fe] distribution seems to consist of a normal distribution about zero, plus seven stars with [α/Fe] > 0.20. These may be called [α/Fe]-rich ...
16.3 (s) 18.1 (s) 19.0 (s) 20.4 (s) 21.6 (s) 22.9 (s) 24.9 ... 12 Mg magnesium; use (T/K) 701 773 861 971 ... 175.6 250.3 355.9 CR2 (T/K) liquid, ...
20%: 30%: Because clay and silt together make up 70% of this sample, the proportion of sand must be 30% for the components to sum to 100%. Sample 2: 10%: 60%: 30%: The proportion of sand is 30% as in Sample 1, but as the proportion of silt rises by 40%, the proportion of clay decreases correspondingly. Sample 3: 10%: 30%: 60%
Such diagrams are available in the speciality literature. [1] [2] [3] The same information can be depicted in a normal orthogonal diagram, showing only two substances, implicitly using the feature that the sum of all three components is 100 percent. The diagrams below only concerns one fuel; the diagrams can be generalized to mixtures of fuels.
[4] [5] [6] The CALPHAD approach is based on the fact that a phase diagram is a manifestation of the equilibrium thermodynamic properties of the system, which are the sum of the properties of the individual phases. [7] It is thus possible to calculate a phase diagram by first assessing the thermodynamic properties of all the phases in a system.
As chloride mg/m2 As sodium chloride μg/cm2 As sodium chloride mg/m2 As mixed salts μg/cm2 As mixed salts mg/m2 1 0.1 0.36 3.6 0.6 6 0.5 5 5 0.5 1.8 18 3 30 2.5 25 10 1 3.6 36 6 60 5 50 20 2 7.2 72 12 120 10 100