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An experiment from Harvey's Exercitatio Anatomica de Motu Cordis et Sanguinis in Animalibus. Exercitatio Anatomica de Motu Cordis et Sanguinis in Animalibus (Latin, 'An Anatomical Exercise on the Motion of the Heart and Blood in Living Beings'), commonly called De Motu Cordis, is the best-known work of the physician William Harvey, which was first published in 1628 and established the ...
The venous angle (also known as Pirogoff's angle and in Latin as angulus venosus) is the junction where the ipsilateral internal jugular vein and subclavian vein unite to form the ipsilateral brachiocephalic vein. [1] [2] The thoracic duct drains at the left venous angle, and the right lymphatic duct drains at the right
Cardiovascular fitness is a component of physical fitness, which refers to a person's ability to deliver oxygen to the working muscles, including the heart.Cardiovascular fitness is improved by sustained physical activity (see also Endurance Training) and is affected by many physiological parameters, including cardiac output (determined by heart rate multiplied by stroke volume), vascular ...
The vessels that remove the deoxygenated blood from the heart muscle are the cardiac veins. These include the great cardiac vein, the middle cardiac vein, the small cardiac vein, the smallest cardiac veins, and the anterior cardiac veins. Cardiac veins carry blood with a poor level of oxygen, from the myocardium to the right atrium.
The thoracic duct drains into the left subclavian vein, [3] near its junction with the left internal jugular vein.It carries lymph (water and solutes) from the lymphatic system, as well as chylomicrons or chyle, formed in the intestines from dietary fat and lipids, allowing these to enter the bloodstream; the products of fats and lipids can then be carried by the bloodstream to the hepatic ...
Aerobic exercise, also known as cardio, is physical exercise [1] of low to high intensity that depends primarily on the aerobic energy-generating process. [2] " Aerobic" is defined as "relating to, involving, or requiring oxygen", [ 3 ] and refers to the use of oxygen to meet energy demands during exercise via aerobic metabolism adequately. [ 4 ]
A stronger heart does not pump more blood by beating faster but by beating more efficiently, primarily via increased stroke volume and left ventricular mass. [4] Trained endurance athletes can have resting heart rates as low as a reported 28 beats per minute ( Miguel Indurain ) or 32 beats per minute ( Lance Armstrong ), [ 5 ] both of whom were ...
The cardiovascular system responds to changing demands on the body by adjusting cardiac output, blood flow, and blood pressure. Cardiac output is defined as the product of heart rate and stroke volume which represents the volume of blood being pumped by the heart each minute. Cardiac output increases during physical activity due to an increase ...