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Prestressed concrete cylinder pipe (PCCP) is a common variety of large-diameter concrete pressure pipe used for transporting water and wastewater. PCCP is typical manufactured according to the American Water Works Association (AWWA) standard C304. [ 1 ]
Pre-tensioned concrete is a variant of prestressed concrete where the tendons are tensioned prior to the concrete being cast. [ 1 ] : 25 The concrete bonds to the tendons as it cures , following which the end-anchoring of the tendons is released, and the tendon tension forces are transferred to the concrete as compression by static friction .
Welspun Tubular LLC (USA): This spiral pipe and coating facility is spread across 740 acres and has an annual capacity of 350,000 tons near Little Rock Port, Arkansas. Welspun Tubular LLC begins production at its new electric-resistance welded (ERW) steel pipe mill in Little Rock, Ark., in 2012 according to a company executive.
A precast concrete walled house under construction An example of low-quality precast concrete with exposed dowels, connectors, indications of cracks, and malformations, even during its installation, Barangay Lantic, Carmona, Cavite, Philippines Interior view of the walls, supports, and roof of a precast commercial shop in Williston, North Dakota, US.
Pipe expansion joints are necessary in systems that convey high temperature substances such as steam or exhaust gases, or to absorb movement and vibration. A typical joint is a bellows of metal (most commonly stainless steel ), plastic (such as PTFE ), fabric (such as glass fibre) or an elastomer such as rubber .
Reinforced autoclaved aerated concrete is a lightweight form of concrete used from the 1950s to the 1990s. ... records show there were 156 educational buildings built with RAAC. Only 56 of these ...
The energy consumed in manufacturing ductile iron pipe was 19.55 MJ per kg and volume of emissions released during manufacture was 1.430 kg CO 2 per kg, compared to 68.30 MJ per kg of energy and 4.860 kg CO 2 per kg emissions for PVC pipes, and 1.24 MJ per kg and 0.148 kg CO 2 per kg for concrete pipes of the same diameter.
In 2000, American opened American SpiralWeld Pipe Company in Columbia, South Carolina, diversifying its product line to include spiral-welded steel pipe in diameters up to 144 inches (3,700 mm). In 2015, American began operations at a new spiral-welded pipe production facility in Flint, Michigan. A third facility opened in Paris, Texas, in 2021.