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  2. Kriging - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kriging

    In statistics, originally in geostatistics, kriging or Kriging (/ ˈ k r iː ɡ ɪ ŋ /), also known as Gaussian process regression, is a method of interpolation based on Gaussian process governed by prior covariances. Under suitable assumptions of the prior, kriging gives the best linear unbiased prediction (BLUP) at unsampled locations. [1]

  3. Mongol invasion of Kievan Rus' - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mongol_invasion_of_Kievan_Rus'

    The sacking of Suzdal by Batu Khan in February 1238, miniature from the Illustrated Chronicle of Ivan the Terrible. The vast Mongolian Great Khanate army of around 120,000 [10] mounted archers, commanded by Batu Khan and Subutai, crossed the Volga River and invaded Volga Bulgaria in late 1236.

  4. Korringa–Kohn–Rostoker method - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Korringa–Kohn–Rostoker...

    The Korringa–Kohn–Rostoker (KKR) method is used to calculate the electronic band structure of periodic solids. In the derivation of the method using multiple scattering theory by Jan Korringa [ 1 ] and the derivation based on the Kohn and Rostoker variational method, [ 2 ] the muffin-tin approximation was used. [ 3 ]

  5. Adjoint state method - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adjoint_state_method

    The adjoint state method is a numerical method for efficiently computing the gradient of a function or operator in a numerical optimization problem. [1] It has applications in geophysics, seismic imaging, photonics and more recently in neural networks. [2] The adjoint state space is chosen to simplify the physical interpretation of equation ...

  6. Inverse transform sampling - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inverse_transform_sampling

    Inverse transform sampling (also known as inversion sampling, the inverse probability integral transform, the inverse transformation method, or the Smirnov transform) is a basic method for pseudo-random number sampling, i.e., for generating sample numbers at random from any probability distribution given its cumulative distribution function.

  7. Galerkin method - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galerkin_method

    Gander and Wanner [24] showed how Ritz and Galerkin methods led to the modern finite element method. One hundred years of method's development was discussed by Repin. [25] Elishakoff, Kaplunov and Kaplunov [26] show that the Galerkin’s method was not developed by Ritz, contrary to the Timoshenko’s statements.

  8. Married for 50 years, these psychologists who study love ...

    www.aol.com/news/asking-36-questions-lead-love...

    Psychologists Arthur and Elaine Aron are known for research behind the “36 Questions That Lead to Love.” They share how their relationship has lasted over 50 years.

  9. Archimedes Palimpsest - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archimedes_Palimpsest

    In his other works, Archimedes often proves the equality of two areas or volumes with Eudoxus' method of exhaustion, an ancient Greek counterpart of the modern method of limits. Since the Greeks were aware that some numbers were irrational, their notion of a real number was a quantity Q approximated by two sequences, one providing an upper ...