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The semantic gap characterizes the difference between two descriptions of an object by different linguistic representations, for instance languages or symbols. According to Andreas M. Hein, the semantic gap can be defined as "the difference in meaning between constructs formed within different representation systems". [ 1 ]
Conceptual semantics is a framework for semantic analysis developed mainly by Ray Jackendoff in 1976. Its aim is to provide a characterization of the conceptual elements by which a person understands words and sentences, and thus to provide an explanatory semantic representation (title of a Jackendoff 1976 paper).
Semantic similarity is a metric defined over a set of documents or terms, where the idea of distance between items is based on the likeness of their meaning or semantic content [citation needed] as opposed to lexicographical similarity.
Semantic intelligence [1] is the ability to gather the necessary information to allow to identify, detect and solve semantic gaps on all level of the organization.. Similar to Operational intelligence or Business Process intelligence, which aims to identify, detect and then optimize business processes, semantic intelligence targets information instead of processes.
A semantic field denotes a segment of reality symbolized by a set of related words. The words in a semantic field share a common semantic property. [6] A general and intuitive description is that words in a semantic field are not necessarily synonymous, but are all used to talk about the same general phenomenon. [7]
Semantic networks are used in neurolinguistics and natural language processing applications such as semantic parsing [2] and word-sense disambiguation. [3] Semantic networks can also be used as a method to analyze large texts and identify the main themes and topics (e.g., of social media posts), to reveal biases (e.g., in news coverage), or ...
A notable example of deep semantic annotation is the Groningen Meaning Bank, developed at the University of Groningen and annotated using Discourse Representation Theory. An example of a shallow semantic treebank is PropBank , which provides annotation of verbal propositions and their arguments, without attempting to represent every word in the ...
Statistical semantics is a subfield of computational semantics, which is in turn a subfield of computational linguistics and natural language processing. Many of the applications of statistical semantics (listed above) can also be addressed by lexicon-based algorithms, instead of the corpus-based algorithms of statistical semantics. One ...