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By the 11th century, the I Ching was being read as a work of intricate philosophy, as a jumping-off point for examining great metaphysical questions and ethical issues. [65] Cheng Yi, patriarch of the Neo-Confucian Cheng–Zhu school, read the I Ching as a guide to moral perfection. He described the text as a way to for ministers to form honest ...
Each hexagram is six lines, written sequentially one above the other; each of the lines represents a state that is either yin (陰 yīn: dark, feminine, etc., represented by a broken line) or yang (陽 yáng: light, masculine, etc., a solid line), and either old (moving or changing, represented by an "X" written on the middle of a yin line, or a circle written on the middle of a yang line) or ...
The King Wen sequence (Chinese: 文王卦序) is an arrangement of the sixty-four divination figures in the I Ching (often translated as the Book of Changes).They are called hexagrams in English because each figure is composed of six 爻 yáo—broken or unbroken lines, that represent yin or yang respectively.
They include some of the earliest attested manuscripts of existing texts (such as the I Ching), two copies of the Tao Te Ching, a copy of Zhan Guo Ce, works by Gan De and Shi Shen, and previously unknown medical texts such as Wushi'er Bingfang (Prescriptions for Fifty-Two Ailments). [1] Scholars arranged them into 28 types of silk books.
Guicang (歸藏, "Return to the Hidden") is a divination text dating to the Zhou dynasty, which was once circulated alongside the I Ching. The text of Guicang was rediscovered in a rural bog in 1993; it had been lost for over two thousand years. [1] Guicang contains the sixty-four hexagrams and stories relating to each of them.
Contemporary methods of divination in Japan include both Western and Chinese astrology, geomancy or feng shui, tarot cards, I Ching (Book of Changes) divination, and physiognomy (methods of reading the body to identify traits). [52] In Japan, divination methods include Futomani from the Shinto tradition. [citation needed]
Hexagram 13 is named 同人 (tóng rén), "Concording People". Other variations include "fellowship with men" and "gathering men". Its inner (lower) trigram is ☲ (離 lí) radiance = fire, and its outer (upper) trigram is ☰ (乾 qián) force = heaven.
I Ching divination, which dates from early China, has played a major role in Chinese culture and philosophy for more than two thousand years. The I Ching tradition descended in part from the oracle bone divination system that was used by rulers in the Shang dynasty , and grew over time into a rich literary wisdom tradition that was closely tied ...