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  2. Rukun Negara - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rukun_Negara

    The National Principles (Malay: Rukun Negara; Jawi: ‏روکون نݢارا ‎) is the Malaysian declaration of national philosophy instituted by royal proclamation on Merdeka Day, 1970, in reaction to the 13 May race riots, which occurred in 1969. [1]

  3. Ideology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ideology

    An ideology is a set of beliefs or values attributed to a person or group of persons, especially those held for reasons that are not purely about belief in certain knowledge, [1] [2] in which "practical elements are as prominent as theoretical ones". [3]

  4. Melayu Islam Beraja - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melayu_Islam_Beraja

    Melayu Islam Beraja (abbrev: MIB; Jawi: ملايو اسلام براج ‎; English: Malay Islamic Monarchy) was officially proclaimed as the national philosophy of Brunei on the day of its independence on 1 January 1984 by Sultan Hassanal Bolkiah.

  5. Nasakom - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nasakom

    Nasakom (Indonesian: Nasionalisme, Agama, Komunisme), which stands for nationalism, religion and communism, was a political concept coined by President Sukarno.This concept prevailed in Indonesia from 1959 during the Guided Democracy Era until the New Order, in 1966.

  6. Darul Islam (Indonesia) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Darul_Islam_(Indonesia)

    Darul Islam (lit. meaning House of Islam), [6] also known as Darul Islam/Islamic Armed Forces of Indonesia (Indonesian: Darul Islam/Tentara Islam Indonesia, DI/TII), is an Islamist group whose goal is to fight for the establishment of an Islamic state in Indonesia.

  7. Pancasila Ideology Development Agency - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pancasila_Ideology...

    On 26 March 1979, thru Presidential Decree No. 10/1979, the Agency for Development, Education, Implementation of Guidelines for the Appreciation and Practice of Pancasila (Badan Pembinaan Pendidikan Pelaksanaan Pedoman Penghayatan dan Pengamalan Pancasila, BP-7) was founded by Suharto administration to futher develop Pancasila as national ideology.

  8. The Open Society and Its Enemies - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Open_Society_and_Its...

    The Open Society and Its Enemies is a work on political philosophy by the philosopher Karl Popper, in which the author presents a "defence of the open society against its enemies", [1] and offers a critique of theories of teleological historicism, according to which history unfolds inexorably according to universal laws.

  9. Pancasila (politics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pancasila_(politics)

    Pancasila (Indonesian: [pantʃaˈsila] ⓘ) is the official, foundational philosophical theory of Indonesia.The name is made from two words originally derived from Sanskrit: "pañca" ("five") and "śīla" ("principles", "precepts").