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A drug or procedure usually used for a specific effect may be used specifically because of a beneficial side-effect; this is termed "off-label use" until such use is approved. [1] For instance, X-rays have long been used as an imaging technique ; the discovery of their oncolytic capability led to their use in radiotherapy for ablation of ...
Adverse effects, like therapeutic effects of drugs, are a function of dosage or drug levels at the target organs, so they may be avoided or decreased by means of careful and precise pharmacokinetics, the change of drug levels in the organism in function of time after administration. Adverse effects may also be caused by drug interaction. This ...
Fetal alcohol effects: FAS Fetal alcohol syndrome: FASDs Fetal alcohol spectrum disorders: FFI Fatal familial insomnia: FMA Focal muscular atrophies FMD Fibromuscular dysplasia: FMS Fibromyalgia syndrome: FSP Familial spastic paraparesis: FTD Frontotemporal dementia: FUO Fever of unknown origin: FVS Fetal valproate syndrome: Fx Fracture: FXS ...
Type A: augmented pharmacological effects, which are dose-dependent and predictable [5]; Type A reactions, which constitute approximately 80% of adverse drug reactions, are usually a consequence of the drug's primary pharmacological effect (e.g., bleeding when using the anticoagulant warfarin) or a low therapeutic index of the drug (e.g., nausea from digoxin), and they are therefore predictable.
The main discussion of these abbreviations in the context of drug prescriptions and other medical prescriptions is at List of abbreviations used in medical prescriptions. Some of these abbreviations are best not used, as marked and explained here.
Iatrogenesis is the causation of a disease, a harmful complication, or other ill effect by any medical activity, including diagnosis, intervention, error, or negligence. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] First used in this sense in 1924, [ 1 ] the term was introduced to sociology in 1976 by Ivan Illich , alleging that industrialized societies impair quality of ...
Surgical removal or debulking is sometimes used to palliate symptoms of the mass effect even if the underlying pathology is not curable. In neurology, a mass effect is the effect exerted by any mass, including, for example, hydrocephalus (cerebrospinal fluid buildup) or an evolving intracranial hemorrhage (bleeding within the skull) presenting ...
Hypocapnia (from the Greek words ὑπό meaning below normal and καπνός kapnós meaning smoke), also known as hypocarbia, sometimes incorrectly called acapnia, is a state of reduced carbon dioxide in the blood. [1] Hypocapnia usually results from deep or rapid breathing, known as hyperventilation. Hypocapnia is the opposite of hypercapnia.