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[2] [3] Other serious side effects may include high blood potassium. [2] [3] Use in pregnancy and breastfeeding is not generally recommended. [2] [3] Use in those with significant kidney problems is not recommended. [2] [3] It decreases blood pressure mainly by hydrochlorothiazide while triamterene decreases the amount of potassium lost. [2] [3]
Triamterene is commonly prepared in combination with hydrochlorothiazide for treatment of hypertension (high blood pressure) and edema (water retention). This combination is in a class of medications called diuretics or 'water pills', and causes the kidneys to get rid of the body's unneeded water and sodium through the urine. [6]
Hydrochlorothiazide is taken by mouth and may be combined with other blood pressure medications as a single pill to increase effectiveness. [4] Hydrochlorothiazide is a thiazide medication which inhibits reabsorption of sodium and chloride ions from the distal convoluted tubules of the kidneys, causing a natriuresis.
Antihypertensive therapy seeks to prevent the complications of high blood pressure, such as stroke, heart failure, kidney failure and myocardial infarction. Evidence suggests that a reduction of blood pressure by 5 mmHg can decrease the risk of stroke by 34% and of ischaemic heart disease by 21%.
Amiloride Triamterene Benzamil. An epithelial sodium channel blocker is a sodium channel blocker that is selective for the epithelial sodium channel. An example is amiloride, which is used in the treatment of hypertension. [1]
Aldosterone binds to aldosterone receptors (mineralocorticoid receptors) increasing sodium reabsorption in an effort to increase blood pressure and improve fluid status in the body. When excessive sodium reabsorption occurs, there is an increasing loss of K + in the urine and can lead to clinically significant decreases, termed hypokalemia .
When combined with hydrochlorothiazide, the addition of amiloride had positive effects on blood pressure and blood sugar tolerance. [9] Amiloride may therefore be useful for preventing the metabolic side effects of thiazide diuretics, allowing for the use of higher thiazide doses (in line with how they were originally studied). [10]
A systematic review by the Cochrane Collaboration specifically recommended that low-dose thiazides be used as the initial pharmacological therapy for high blood pressure. [9] Low-dose thiazides are more effective at treating hypertension than beta blockers and are similar to angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors. [9]
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