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Work ethic is a belief that work and diligence have a moral benefit and an inherent ability, virtue or value to strengthen character and individual abilities. [1] Desire or determination to work serves as the foundation for values centered on the importance of work or industrious work.
The development of agriculture led to more sustained work practices, but work still changed with the seasons, with intense sustained effort during harvests (for example) alternating with less focused periods such as winters. In the early modern era, Protestantism and proto-capitalism emphasized the moral and personal advantages of hard work.
The Chinese word kǔlì is an instance of phono-semantic matching that literally translates to "bitter strength" but is more commonly understood as "hard labour". [ 13 ] In 1727, Engelbert Kämpfer described coolies as dock labourers who would unload Dutch merchant ships at Nagasaki in Japan.
The word itself is a portmanteau word composed of work and alcoholic.Its first known appearance, according to the Oxford English Dictionary, came in Canada in the Toronto Daily Star of April 5, 1947, page 6, with a punning allusion to Alcoholics Anonymous:
A reward in heaven for working hard on earth while hungry. Used in the song The Preacher and the Slave by Joe Hill. Play the Hoosier Dissatisfied workers on the job who intentionally fail to work efficiently are "playing the Hoosier" [29] Plough jockey A farmer Plug-ugly A thug or a goon Plush, on the
Office workers. The term "white-collar worker" was coined in the 1930s by Upton Sinclair, an American writer who referenced the word in connection to clerical, administrative and managerial functions during the 1930s. [2] A white-collar worker is a salaried professional, [3] typically referring to general office workers and management.
The workers would have to accept the sexual harassment from customers as "part of the job", or report the sexual harassment to the manager and get fired. [14] Adding onto the pressure, reporting sexual assault comes with criticism from co-workers, as they see the sexual assault as part of the job requirement.
Skilled workers in the building trades (e.g. carpenters, masons, plumbers, plasterers, glaziers, painters etc.) were also referred to by one or another of these terms. [ 1 ] One study of Caversham, New Zealand , at the turn of the century notes that a skilled trade was considered a trade that required an apprenticeship to entry. [ 2 ]