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If (,) (and therefore ()) is a Gaussian function, the wave packet is called a Gaussian wave packet. [12] For example, the solution to the one-dimensional free Schrödinger equation (with 2Δx, m, and ħ set equal to one) satisfying the initial condition (,) = / (+), representing a wave packet localized in space at the origin as a Gaussian ...
The asymptotic scaling of δ in terms of ε will be determined by the equation – see the example below. Substituting the above ansatz into the differential equation and cancelling out the exponential terms allows one to solve for an arbitrary number of terms S n (x) in the expansion. WKB theory is a special case of multiple scale analysis. [5 ...
Then solve the differential equation representing this eigenvalue problem in the coordinate basis, for the wave function | = (), using a spectral method. It turns out that there is a family of solutions. In this basis, they amount to Hermite functions, [6] [7] =!
By comparison with vector wave equations, the scalar wave equation can be seen as a special case of the vector wave equations; in the Cartesian coordinate system, the scalar wave equation is the equation to be satisfied by each component (for each coordinate axis, such as the x component for the x axis) of a vector wave without sources of waves ...
A portion of the wave packet passes through the barrier. The wave function of a physical system of particles specifies everything that can be known about the system. [8] Therefore, problems in quantum mechanics analyze the system's wave function. Using mathematical formulations, such as the Schrödinger equation, the time evolution of a known ...
The superposition of several plane waves to form a wave packet. This wave packet becomes increasingly localized with the addition of many waves. The Fourier transform is a mathematical operation that separates a wave packet into its individual plane waves. The waves shown here are real for illustrative purposes only; in quantum mechanics the ...
which is an eigenvalue equation. Very often, only numerical solutions to the Schrödinger equation can be found for a given physical system and its associated potential energy. However, there exists a subset of physical systems for which the form of the eigenfunctions and their associated energies, or eigenvalues, can be found.
For example, the wave function with =, = has the same energy as the wave function with =, =. This situation is called degeneracy and for the case where exactly two degenerate wave functions have the same energy that energy level is said to be doubly degenerate. Degeneracy results from symmetry in the system.