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  2. Valles Caldera - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valles_Caldera

    Maps and trail descriptions may be found in "Hiking Trails in Valles Caldera National Preserve," by Coco Rae. Valles Caldera has many miles of ranch roads, livestock and game trails. These include a network of trails currently designated for horse riding. [36] [37] Historically, Valles Caldera was a location for equestrian endurance races ...

  3. Bandelier Tuff - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bandelier_Tuff

    The formation is composed of ignimbrites produced by a series of at least three Quaternary caldera eruptions that culminated in the Valles Caldera eruption 1.256 million years before the present . [1] The Valles Caldera is the type location for resurgent caldera eruptions, [2] and the Bandelier Tuff was one of the earliest recognized ...

  4. Bandelier National Monument - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bandelier_National_Monument

    The Valles Caldera National Preserve adjoins the monument on the north and west, extending into the Jemez Mountains. Much of the area was covered with volcanic ash (the Bandelier Tuff) from an eruption of the Valles Caldera volcano 1.14 million years ago.

  5. Tewa Group - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tewa_Group

    High- silica eruptions of the Tewa Group began about 1.85 million years ago (Ma) and continued almost to the present day. [5] The Tewa Group is a sequence of mostly rhyolite pyroclastic flows and domes that underlies much of the Valles Caldera and forms extensive outflow sheets surrounding the caldera. It has a maximum thickness of 1,050 m ...

  6. Jemez Mountains - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jemez_Mountains

    The caldera is segregated by these structures and its rim into multiple lush grass valleys (valles in Spanish, hence the name). The western part of the Valles Caldera is underlain by a seismic low-velocity zone with an area of 10 by 14 kilometers (6.2 by 8.7 mi) and extending to depths of 5 to 15.5 kilometers (3.1 to 9.6 mi). This zone consists ...

  7. Archaeologist was devoted to Valles Caldera

    www.aol.com/news/archaeologist-devoted-valles...

    Feb. 20—For Anna Steffen, the most stunning elements of Valles Caldera National Preserve lay beneath the majestic, prehistoric landscape that captivates most visitors. Obsidian — a black ...

  8. Caldera - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caldera

    Caldera. A caldera (/ kɔːlˈdɛrə, kæl -/ [1] kawl-DERR-ə, kal-) is a large cauldron -like hollow that forms shortly after the emptying of a magma chamber in a volcanic eruption. An eruption that ejects large volumes of magma over a short period of time can cause significant detriment to the structural integrity of such a chamber, greatly ...

  9. Rio Grande rift - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rio_Grande_rift

    The Rio Grande rift is a north-trending continental rift zone. It separates the Colorado Plateau in the west from the interior of the North American craton on the east. [1] The rift extends from central Colorado in the north to the state of Chihuahua, Mexico, in the south. [2] The rift zone consists of four basins that have an average width of ...