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  2. Cancer staging - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cancer_staging

    Cancer staging can be divided into a clinical stage and a pathologic stage. In the TNM (Tumor, Node, Metastasis) system, clinical stage and pathologic stage are denoted by a small "c" or "p" before the stage (e.g., cT3N1M0 or pT2N0). This staging system is used for most forms of cancer, except brain tumors and hematological malignancies.

  3. Brain metastasis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brain_metastasis

    A brain metastasis is a cancer that has metastasized (spread) to the brain from another location in the body and is therefore considered a secondary brain tumor. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] The metastasis typically shares a cancer cell type with the original site of the cancer. [ 3 ]

  4. Cancer spread to Jimmy Carter's brain 9 years ago. Here's how ...

    www.aol.com/cancer-spread-jimmy-carters-brain...

    Carter confirmed that he has melanoma that has spread to his liver and brain and will start treatment today. (Photo by Jessica McGowan/Getty Images) More: Jimmy Carter, America's longest living ...

  5. Metastasis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metastasis

    Metastatic tumors are very common in the late stages of cancer. The spread of metastasis may occur via the blood or the lymphatics or through both routes. The most common sites of metastases are the lungs, liver, brain, and the bones [10]

  6. When Cancer Spreads: What to Know About Metastatic ... - AOL

    www.aol.com/lifestyle/cancer-spreads-know-meta...

    Get the facts about metastasis, as well as learn about some of the myths about the condition, from the editors of PEOPLE and Verywell Health

  7. Liver metastasis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liver_metastasis

    A liver metastasis is a malignant tumor in the liver that has spread from another organ that is affected by cancer. The liver is a common site for metastatic disease because of its rich, dual blood supply (the liver receives blood via the hepatic artery and portal vein). Metastatic tumors in the liver are 20 times more common than primary liver ...

  8. Deep hypothermic circulatory arrest - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deep_hypothermic...

    It is a subject of research in animals and human clinical trials. As of 2012, the lowest body temperature ever survived by a human being was 9 °C (48 °F) as part of a hypothermic circulatory arrest experiment to treat cancer in 1957. [33] [34] This temperature was reached without surgery, using external cooling alone. Similar low temperatures ...

  9. Cancer dormancy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cancer_dormancy

    Disseminating cancer cells can proliferate or become dormant depending on the microenvironment and factors such as the ERK/p38 ratio. Dormancy is a stage in cancer progression where the cells cease dividing but survive in a quiescent state while waiting for appropriate environmental conditions to begin proliferation again. [1]