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Armodafinil, sold under the brand name Nuvigil, is a wakefulness-promoting medication which is used to treat excessive daytime sleepiness associated with obstructive sleep apnea, narcolepsy, and shift work disorder. [1]
Chemical structure of modafinil. This page lists chemical compounds similar to modafinil, known as modafinil analogues and derivatives. These are structural analogues and derivatives of modafinil, a drug that affects dopamine levels in the brain in an unusual way (atypical dopamine reuptake inhibitor or DRI).
Modafinil and armodafinil are thought to act as selective, weak, atypical dopamine reuptake inhibitors (DRIs). [13] [3] [4] However, additional actions are also possible and have not been ruled out. [13] Adrafinil acts as a prodrug of modafinil and hence shares its mechanism of action. [13]
Modafinil performs moderately (but better than armodafinil or solriamfetol) [30] as a drug to overcome excessive daytime sleepiness caused by obstructive sleep apnea, [31] though it is recommended that people with apnea use continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy, that is a sleep breathing apparatus to prevent apnea, before starting ...
The drug has been found to block the dopamine transporter (DAT) by 83%, to a greater extent than methylphenidate without unfavorable concomitant adrenergic effects. [8] The drug is an atypical DRI similarly to modafinil. [11] [1] [9] The affinities for the DAT of flmodafinil's enantiomers and modafinil have also been studied.
Modafinil and Armodafinil elevate hypothalamic histamine levels, [38] and they are known to bind to the dopamine transporter, thereby inhibiting dopamine reuptake. Modafinil can cause uncomfortable side effects, including nausea , headache , and a dry mouth for some patients, while other patients report no noticeable improvement even on ...
These individuals require medication/power naps to function at their best. [51] Modafinil and armodafinil are non-amphetamine alerting drugs originally developed for the treatment of narcolepsy that have been approved by the FDA (the US Food and Drug Administration) for excessive sleepiness associated with SWSD. [52]
Modafinil acid is also a metabolite of the modafinil prodrug, adrafinil, and the (R)-(–)-enantiomer is a metabolite of armodafinil, the (R)-(–)-enantiomer of modafinil. [2] Between 30 - 60% of modafinil is converted to modafinil acid and its half life is roughly half that of modafinil (about 7 hours). [ 3 ]