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Cross-reactivity, in a general sense, is the reactivity of an observed agent which initiates reactions outside the main reaction expected. This has implications for any kind of test or assay , including diagnostic tests in medicine, and can be a cause of false positives .
The risk of first-degree relatives developing the same hypersensitivity reaction is higher than in the general population. [ 1 ] As this syndrome can present secondary to multiple anticonvulsants, the general term "anticonvulsant hypersensitivity syndrome" (AHS) is favored over the original descriptive term "dilantin hypersensitivity syndrome."
Monobactam antibiotics exhibit no IgE cross-reactivity reactions with penicillin but have shown some cross reactivity with cephalosporins, most notably ceftazidime, which contains an identical side chain as aztreonam. [8] Monobactams can trigger seizures in patients with history of seizures, although the risk is lower than with penicillins.
The classification organizes the hypersensitivity reactions to NSAIDs into the following five categories: NSAIDs-exacerbated respiratory disease (NERD) is an acute (immediate to several hours) exacerbation of bronchoconstriction and other symptoms of asthma in individuals with a history of asthma and/or nasal congestion, rhinorrhea or other symptoms of rhinitis and sinusitis in individuals ...
People with fish allergies have a 50% likelihood of being cross reactive with another fish species, [14] but some individuals are only allergic to one species, such as; tilapia [15] salmon, [13] or cod. A proper diagnosis is considered complicated due to these cross reactivity between fish species and other seafood allergies. [16]
PENicillin allergy reported (start assessment) Five years ago or less (2 points) Anaphylaxis occurred (2 points) Severe cutaneous adverse reaction such as SJS occurred (2 points) Treatment was required (1 point) Patients scoring 4 or greater have a high (50%) probability of testing positive for penicillin allergy. [13]
An allergen is an otherwise harmless substance that triggers an allergic reaction in sensitive individuals by stimulating an immune response.. In technical terms, an allergen is an antigen that is capable of stimulating a type-I hypersensitivity reaction in atopic individuals through immunoglobulin E (IgE) responses. [1]
Penicillin-sensitive patients may also be allergic to the cephalosporins, depending on the side chain and it's relation to the penicillin allergy. Most patients with penicillin allergy can tolerate the majority of cephalosporins without allergic reactions. The previous percentage of 10% cross reactivity rates are a gross overestimation. [7]