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Jason-3 is a satellite altimeter created by a partnership of the European Organisation for the Exploitation of Meteorological Satellites (EUMETSAT) and National Aeronautic and Space Administration (), and is an international cooperative mission in which National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) is partnering with the Centre National d'Études Spatiales (CNES, French space agency).
The greater the altitude, the lower the pressure. When a barometer is supplied with a nonlinear calibration so as to indicate altitude, the instrument is a type of altimeter called a pressure altimeter or barometric altimeter. A pressure altimeter is the altimeter found in most aircraft, and skydivers use wrist-mounted versions for similar ...
Diagram showing the face of the "three-pointer" sensitive aircraft altimeter displaying an altitude of 10,180 ft (3,100 m). Reference pressure of about 29.92 inHg (1013 hPa) is showing in the Kollsman window. An altimeter or an altitude meter is an instrument used to measure the altitude of an object above a fixed level. [1]
In aviation, atmospheric sciences and broadcasting, a height above ground level (AGL [1] or HAGL) is a height measured with respect to the underlying ground surface.This is as opposed to height above mean sea level (AMSL or HAMSL), height above ellipsoid (HAE, as reported by a GPS receiver), or height above average terrain (AAT or HAAT, in broadcast engineering).
Indicated altitude is the reading on the altimeter when it is set to the local barometric pressure at mean sea level. In UK aviation radiotelephony usage, the vertical distance of a level, a point or an object considered as a point, measured from mean sea level ; this is referred to over the radio as altitude .(see QNH ) [ 2 ]
The NASA Earth Global Reference Atmospheric Model (Earth-GRAM) was developed by the Marshall Space Flight Center to provide a design reference atmosphere that, unlike the standard atmospheres, allows for geographical variability, a wide range of altitudes (surface to orbital altitudes), and different months and times of day. It can also ...
It is designed to read zero at sea level in the vicinity of the aerodrome, unlike QNH which will not read precisely zero at sea-level. [2] Related to the altimeter settings are: TA [3] - Transition Altitude - altitude at which the pilot changes the aircraft's altimeter setting (usually from QNH) to standard pressure (1013.25 hPa)
Above the TA, the aircraft altimeter pressure setting is changed to the standard pressure setting of 1013 hectopascals (equivalent to millibars) or 29.92 inches of mercury, with the aircraft altitude will be stated as a flight level instead of altitude. In the United States and Canada, the transition altitude is 18,000 ft (5,500 m). [5]