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In physics, specifically electromagnetism, the Biot–Savart law (/ ˈ b iː oʊ s ə ˈ v ɑːr / or / ˈ b j oʊ s ə ˈ v ɑːr /) [1] is an equation describing the magnetic field generated by a constant electric current. It relates the magnetic field to the magnitude, direction, length, and proximity of the electric current.
Jean-Baptiste Biot (/ ˈ b iː oʊ, ˈ b j oʊ /; [2] French:; 21 April 1774 – 3 February 1862) was a French physicist, astronomer, and mathematician who co-discovered the Biot–Savart law of magnetostatics with Félix Savart, established the reality of meteorites, made an early balloon flight, and studied the polarization of light.
One difference between the Gaussian and SI systems is in the factor 4π in various formulas that relate the quantities that they define. With SI electromagnetic units, called rationalized, [3] [4] Maxwell's equations have no explicit factors of 4π in the formulae, whereas the inverse-square force laws – Coulomb's law and the Biot–Savart law – do have a factor of 4π attached to the r 2.
Jefimenko says, "...neither Maxwell's equations nor their solutions indicate an existence of causal links between electric and magnetic fields. Therefore, we must conclude that an electromagnetic field is a dual entity always having an electric and a magnetic component simultaneously created by their common sources: time-variable electric ...
Laplace's law or The law of Laplace may refer to several concepts, Biot–Savart law, in electromagnetics, it describes the magnetic field set up by a steady current density. Young–Laplace equation, describing pressure difference over an interface in fluid mechanics. Rule of succession, a smoothing technique accounting for unseen data.
Savart became a professor at Collège de France in 1820 and was the co-originator of the Biot–Savart law, along with Jean-Baptiste Biot. Together, they worked on the theory of magnetism and electrical currents. Their law was developed and published in 1820. [4] The Biot–Savart law relates magnetic fields to the currents which are their sources.
Folin's reagent or sodium 1,2-naphthoquinone-4-sulfonate is a chemical reagent used as a derivatizing agent to measure levels of amines and amino acids. [1] The reagent reacts with them in alkaline solution to produce a fluorescent material that can be easily detected.
Proof that the formulations of the circuital law in terms of free current are equivalent to the formulations involving total current In this proof, we will show that the equation ∇ × H = J f + ∂ D ∂ t {\displaystyle \nabla \times \mathbf {H} =\mathbf {J} _{\mathrm {f} }+{\frac {\partial \mathbf {D} }{\partial t}}}