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Sodium butyrate is a compound with formula Na(C 3 H 7 COO). It is the sodium salt of butyric acid. It has various effects on cultured mammalian cells including inhibition of proliferation, induction of differentiation and induction or repression of gene expression. [1] As such, it can be used in lab to bring about any of these effects.
Sodium butyrate Several studies using different animal models have demonstrated that sodium butyrate may be effective in reducing alpha-synuclein-related neurotoxicity. [22] [23] In Drosophila, sodium butyrate improved locomotor impairment and reduced early mortality rates. [24] Valproic acid
In cancer cells where one part of the interaction experiences a loss-of-function mutation, the other part can be interrupted by drug treatment to induce cell death in cancerous cells. Synthetic lethality is an attractive treatment option in patients with cancer since it there should be minimal / no effect on healthy cells.
Other treatment options including histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACis), such as vorinostat, have also shown promising epigenetic therapeutic effects through the reactivation of apoptosis, cell death of undesirable cells, and the inhibition of angiogenesis, the formation of new blood vessels that can be utilized by cancerous cells as an extra ...
To carry out gene expression, a cell must control the coiling and uncoiling of DNA around histones.This is accomplished with the assistance of histone acetyl transferases (HAT), which acetylate the lysine residues in core histones leading to a less compact and more transcriptionally active euchromatin, and, on the converse, the actions of histone deacetylases (HDAC), which remove the acetyl ...
In particular, butyrate inhibits colonic tumor cells and stimulates proliferation of healthy colonic epithelial cells. [ 70 ] [ 71 ] The explanation why butyrate is an energy source for normal colonocytes and induces apoptosis in colon cancer cells, is the Warburg effect in cancer cells, which leads to butyrate not being properly metabolized.
Sodium phenylbutyrate is taken orally or by nasogastric intubation as a tablet or powder, and tastes very salty and bitter. It treats urea cycle disorders, genetic diseases in which nitrogen waste builds up in the blood plasma as ammonia glutamine (a state called hyperammonemia) due to deficiences in the enzymes carbamoyl phosphate synthetase I, ornithine transcarbamylase, or argininosuccinic ...
[13] [36] [39] [40] These reviews and subsequent preliminary evidence which used oral administration or intraperitoneal administration of the sodium salt of butyric acid or other class I HDAC inhibitors for an extended period indicate that these drugs have efficacy in reducing addictive behavior in lab animals [note 3] that have developed ...