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A chemical formula used for a series of compounds that differ from each other by a constant unit is called a general formula. It generates a homologous series of chemical formulae. For example, alcohols may be represented by the formula C n H 2n + 1 OH (n ≥ 1), giving the homologs methanol, ethanol, propanol for 1 ≤ n ≤ 3.
Glucose (C 6 H 12 O 6), ribose (C 5 H 10 O 5), Acetic acid (C 2 H 4 O 2), and formaldehyde (CH 2 O) all have different molecular formulas but the same empirical formula: CH 2 O.This is the actual molecular formula for formaldehyde, but acetic acid has double the number of atoms, ribose has five times the number of atoms, and glucose has six times the number of atoms.
In chemistry, a salt or ionic compound is a chemical compound consisting of an assembly of positively charged ions and negatively charged ions , [1] which results in a compound with no net electric charge (electrically neutral). The constituent ions are held together by electrostatic forces termed ionic bonds.
When writing the chemical formula for an ion, its net charge is written in superscript immediately after the chemical structure for the molecule/atom. The net charge is written with the magnitude before the sign; that is, a doubly charged cation is indicated as 2+ instead of +2 .
An ionic compound is named by its cation followed by its anion. See polyatomic ion for a list of possible ions. For cations that take on multiple charges, the charge is written using Roman numerals in parentheses immediately following the element name. For example, Cu(NO 3) 2 is copper(II) nitrate, because the charge of two nitrate ions (NO −
Chemical formula Synonyms CAS number CAgO carbonylsilver: CCl 2 F 2: dichlorodifluoromethane freon-12: 75-71-8 CCl 4: carbon tetrachloride tetrachloromethane: 56-23-5 C(CN) 4: tetracyanomethane: 24331-09-7 CFCl 3: trichlorofluoromethane freon-11: 75-69-4 CFCl 2 CF 2 Cl: chlorotrifluoromethane freon-13: 75-72-9 CHCl 3: chloroform ...
In most cases the formula representing a formula unit will also be an empirical formula, such as calcium carbonate (CaCO 3) or sodium chloride (NaCl), but it is not always the case. For example, the ionic compounds potassium persulfate ( K 2 S 2 O 8 ), mercury(I) nitrate Hg 2 (NO 3 ) 2 , and sodium peroxide Na 2 O 2 , have empirical formulas of ...
If one is asked to write the formula for copper(I) chromate, the Roman numeral indicates that copper ion is Cu + and one can identify that the compound contains the chromate ion (CrO 2− 4). Two of the 1+ copper ions are needed to balance the charge of one 2− chromate ion, so the formula is Cu 2 CrO 4.