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Coin of Pescennius Niger, a Roman usurper who claimed imperial power AD 193–194. Legend: IMP CAES C PESC NIGER IVST AVG. While the imperial government of the Roman Empire was rarely called into question during its five centuries in the west and fifteen centuries in the east, individual emperors often faced unending challenges in the form of usurpation and perpetual civil wars. [30]
Clodius Albinus, the commander of Roman troops in Britain and Iberia, took the title Imperator Caesar Decimus Clodius Septimius Albinus Augustus. 197: 19 February: Battle of Lugdunum: Septimius Severus and Albinus met in battle at Lugdunum. Albinus committed suicide or was killed. Roman–Parthian Wars: Septimius Severus sacked the Parthian ...
The Twelve Caesars was considered very significant in antiquity and remains a primary source on Roman history. The book discusses the significant and critical period of the Principate from the end of the Republic to the reign of Domitian ; comparisons are often made with Tacitus , whose surviving works document a similar period.
On 1 March 293, authority was further divided. Each augustus took a junior emperor called a caesar to aid him in administrative matters, and to provide a line of succession. Galerius became caesar for Diocletian and Constantius Chlorus caesar for Maximian. This constituted what is called the Tetrarchy by modern scholars, as each emperor would ...
Gaius Julius Caesar [a] (12 July 100 BC – 15 March 44 BC) was a Roman general and statesman. A member of the First Triumvirate, Caesar led the Roman armies in the Gallic Wars before defeating his political rival Pompey in a civil war, and subsequently became dictator from 49 BC until his assassination in 44 BC.
Julius Caesar dictator perpetuo 100–44 BC: Julia Minor died 51 BC: Marcus Atius Balbus 105–51 BC: Atia 85–43 BC: Gaius Octavius c. 100–59 BC: Augustus 63 BC–14 AD [1] r. 27 BC – 14 AD: Livia Drusilla 59 BC–29 AD: Tiberius Claudius Nero c. 80–33 BC [2] Octavia Minor c. 66–11 BC: Mark Antony triumvir 83–30 BC: Marcus Vipsanius ...
The Twelve Caesars of Suetonius; The Roman History of Cassius Dio; The Life of Galba, the Life of Otho and fragments of the Life of Nero by Plutarch; Other sources on the Year of the Four Emperors are The Jewish War and the Antiquities of the Jews of Josephus; while mainly focusing on the events of Palestine, these works also mention the ...
49 BC: Roman Civil War between Julius Caesar and Pompey the Great. 44 BC: Julius Caesar murdered by Marcus Brutus and others; End of Roman Republic; beginning of Roman Empire. 44 BC: Burebista is assassinated in the same year like Julius Caesar and his empire breaks into 4 and later 5 kingdoms in modern-day Romania. 31 BC – 30 BC: Battle of ...