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They return a negative number when the first argument is lexicographically smaller than the second, zero when the arguments are equal, and a positive number otherwise. This convention of returning the "sign of the difference" is extended to arbitrary comparison functions by the standard sorting function qsort , which takes a comparison function ...
Church Booleans are the Church encoding of the Boolean values true and false. Some programming languages use these as an implementation model for Boolean arithmetic; examples are Smalltalk and Pico. Boolean logic may be considered as a choice. The Church encoding of true and false are functions of two parameters: true chooses the first parameter.
A Boolean value is either true or false. A Boolean expression may be composed of a combination of the Boolean constants True/False or Yes/No, Boolean-typed variables, Boolean-valued operators, and Boolean-valued functions. [1] Boolean expressions correspond to propositional formulas in logic and are a special case of Boolean circuits. [2]
In mathematics, a Boolean function is a function whose arguments and result assume values from a two-element set (usually {true, false}, {0,1} or {-1,1}). [ 1 ] [ 2 ] Alternative names are switching function , used especially in older computer science literature, [ 3 ] [ 4 ] and truth function (or logical function) , used in logic .
For n = 1 the median operator is just the unary identity operation x. For n = 3 the ternary median operator can be expressed using conjunction and disjunction as xy + yz + zx. For an arbitrary n there exists a monotone formula for majority of size O(n 5.3). This is proved using probabilistic method. Thus, this formula is non-constructive. [3]
The BIT data type, which can only store integers 0 and 1 apart from NULL, is commonly used as a workaround to store Boolean values, but workarounds need to be used such as UPDATE t SET flag = IIF (col IS NOT NULL, 1, 0) WHERE flag = 0 to convert between the integer and Boolean expression.
The RS-232 electric signaling uses active low (negative logic). The digital data representing "K" (0x4b) as 7-bit ASCII is framed as "7E1" with 1 start bit, 7 data bits, even parity, 1 stop bit. The use of either the higher or the lower voltage level to represent either logic state is arbitrary.
Versions before 3 used round-away-from-zero: round(0.5) is 1.0, round(-0.5) is −1.0. [125] Python allows Boolean expressions with multiple equality relations in a manner that is consistent with general use in mathematics. For example, the expression a < b < c tests whether a is less than b and b is less than c. [126]