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Ichthyosis (also named fish scale disease) [1] is a family of genetic skin disorders characterized by dry, thickened, scaly skin. [2] The more than 20 types of ichthyosis range in severity of symptoms, outward appearance, underlying genetic cause and mode of inheritance (e.g., dominant, recessive , autosomal or X-linked ). [ 3 ]
Epidermolytic ichthyosis (EI), [a] is a severe form of dry scaly skin, that initially presents with redness, blisters, erosions, and peeling in a newborn baby. [5] [6] Hyperkeratosis typically develops several months later. [6] Other symptoms include itch, painful fissures, strong body odor, and absence of sweat. [6]
Ichthyosis hystrix is a group of rare skin disorders in the ichthyosis family of skin disorders characterized by massive hyperkeratosis with an appearance like spiny scales. [1] This term is also used to refer to a type of epidermal nevi with extensive bilateral distribution.
Eclabium (eversion of the lips), ectropion and alopecia (hair loss) are more common in congenital ichthyosiform erythroderma than in lamellar ichthyosis. [ 3 ] [ non-primary source needed ] Congenital ichthyosiform erythroderma can present very similarly to lamellar ichthyosis and they often share characteristics, though the two conditions can ...
A child with Harlequin-type ichthyosis. Visible plates on the skin and changes in the appearance of the ears and fingers, are symptoms of Harlequin-type ichthyosis. [10] Newborns with harlequin-type ichthyosis present with thick, fissured armor-plate hyperkeratosis. [11] Sufferers feature severe cranial and facial deformities.
Ichthyosis vulgaris (also known as "autosomal dominant ichthyosis" [1] and "Ichthyosis simplex" [1]) is a skin disorder causing dry, scaly skin. It is the most common form, and one of the mildest forms, of ichthyosis, [2] [3]: 486 affecting around 1 in 250 people. [4] For this reason it is known as common ichthyosis.
Severe cases are hard to distinguish from mild epidermolytic hyperkeratosis. A skin biopsy shows a characteristic damaged layer in the upper spinous level of the skin. It may be difficult to distinguish from epidermolytic hyperkeratosis. The gene causing ichthyosis bullosa of Siemens is known and so a diagnosis can be confirmed by genetic ...
Sjögren–Larsson syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive form of ichthyosis with neurological symptoms. [1]: 485 [2]: 564 [3] It can be identified by a triad of medical disorders. The first is ichthyosis, which is a buildup of skin to form a scale-like covering that causes dry skin and other problems.