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The diving reflex is a set of physiological responses that occur in response to cold water immersion, particularly when the face or body is exposed to cold water. It is an evolutionary adaptation that helps mammals , including humans, manage the challenges of being submerged in cold water.
The diving reflex, also known as the diving response and mammalian diving reflex, is a set of physiological responses to immersion that overrides the basic homeostatic reflexes, and is found in all air-breathing vertebrates studied to date.
Submersion into cold water can induce cardiac arrhythmias (abnormal heart rates) in healthy people, sometimes causing strong swimmers to drown. [46] The physiological effects caused by the diving reflex conflict with the body's cold shock response, which includes a gasp and uncontrollable hyperventilation leading to aspiration of water. [ 47 ]
A person who survives the initial minute of trauma after falling into icy water can survive for at least thirty minutes provided they don't drown. However, the ability to perform useful work like staying afloat declines substantially after ten minutes as the body protectively cuts off blood flow to "non-essential" muscles. [5]
Heart rate during a free dive decreases from the pre-dive level but does not usually drop below the resting heart rate. [4] In free-diving cormorants, heart rate dropped at the start of the dive, and usually stabilized at depth, but increased again at the start of the ascent, with average heart rates during the dive much the same as at rest ...
Open-water diving implies that if a problem arises, the diver can directly ascend vertically to the atmosphere to breathe air. [120] Wall diving is done along a near vertical face. Blue-water diving is done in good visibility in mid-water where the bottom is out of sight of the diver and there may be no fixed visual reference. [121]
An out of town couple reportedly drove into the boat ramp at the Isle of Palms marina in South Carolina after being confused by directions on Saturday Sept. 14, 2024.
During the diving reflex, the infant's heart rate decreases by an average of 20%. [1] The glottis is spontaneously sealed off and the water entering the upper respiratory tract is diverted down the esophagus into the stomach. [6] The diving response has been shown to have an oxygen-conserving effect