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A live attenuated varicella vaccine, the Oka strain, was developed by Michiaki Takahashi and his colleagues in Japan in the early 1970s. [41] In 1995, Merck & Co. licensed the "Oka" strain of the varicella virus in the United States, and Maurice Hilleman's team at Merck invented a varicella vaccine in the same year. [42] [43] [44]
A live attenuated varicella vaccine, the Oka strain, was developed by Michiaki Takahashi and his colleagues in Japan in the early 1970s. [15] American vaccinologist Maurice Hilleman 's team developed a chickenpox vaccine in the United States in 1981, based on the "Oka strain" of the varicella virus.
Varicella zoster virus (VZV), also known as human herpesvirus 3 (HHV-3, HHV3) or Human alphaherpesvirus 3 (taxonomically), is one of nine known herpes viruses that can infect humans. It causes chickenpox (varicella) commonly affecting children and young adults, and shingles (herpes zoster) in adults but rarely in children.
A zoster vaccine is a vaccine that reduces the incidence of herpes zoster (shingles), a disease caused by reactivation of the varicella zoster virus, which is also responsible for chickenpox. [8] Shingles provokes a painful rash with blisters, and can be followed by chronic pain ( postherpetic neuralgia ), as well as other complications.
Varicella vaccine Michiaki Takahashi ( 高橋 理明 , Takahashi Michiaki , February 17, 1928 – December 16, 2013) was a Japanese virologist , best known for inventing the first chickenpox vaccine .
Varicellovirus (var′i-sel′ō-vi′rŭs) is a genus of viruses belonging to subfamily Alphaherpesvirinae, a member of family Herpesviridae.Humans and other mammals serve as natural hosts.
In rare cases, particularly when there is inadequate vaccination of the population, natural mutations during viral replication, or interference by related viruses, can cause an attenuated virus to revert to its wild-type form or mutate to a new strain, potentially resulting in the new virus being infectious or pathogenic.
Orthopoxvirus is a genus of viruses in the family Poxviridae and subfamily Chordopoxvirinae.Vertebrates, including mammals and humans, and arthropods serve as natural hosts. . There are 12 species in this gen