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A module of any particular size can therefore be assembled either from 32 small chips (36 for ECC memory), or 16(18) or 8(9) bigger ones. DDR memory bus width per channel is 64 bits (72 for ECC memory). Total module bit width is a product of bits per chip and number of chips. It also equals number of ranks (rows) multiplied by DDR memory bus width.
Other memory technologies – namely HBM in version 3 and 4 [58] – aiming to replace DDR4 have also been proposed. In 2011, JEDEC introduced the Wide I/O 2 standard, which features stacked memory dies placed directly on top of the CPU within the same package. This configuration provides higher bandwidth and improved power efficiency compared ...
Double data rate SDRAM (DDR SDRAM or DDR) was a later development of SDRAM, used in PC memory beginning in 2000. Subsequent versions are numbered sequentially (DDR2, DDR3, etc.). DDR SDRAM internally performs double-width accesses at the clock rate, and uses a double data rate interface to transfer one half on each clock edge. DDR2 and DDR3 ...
DDR SDRAM employs prefetch architecture to allow quick and easy access to multiple data words located on a common physical row in the memory. The prefetch architecture takes advantage of the specific characteristics of memory accesses to DRAM. Typical DRAM memory operations involve three phases: bitline precharge, row access, column access. Row ...
DDR SDRAM operating with a 100 MHz clock is called DDR-200 (after its 200 MT/s data transfer rate), and a 64-bit (8-byte) wide DIMM operated at that data rate is called PC-1600, after its 1600 MB/s peak (theoretical) bandwidth. Likewise, 12.8 GB/s transfer rate DDR3-1600 is called PC3-12800. Some examples of popular designations of DDR modules:
A DIMM (Dual In-Line Memory Module) is a popular type of memory module used in computers. It is a printed circuit board with one or both sides (front and back) holding DRAM chips and pins . [ 1 ] The vast majority of DIMMs are manufactured in compliance with JEDEC memory standards , although there are proprietary DIMMs.
Double data rate (DDR) memory controllers are used to drive DDR SDRAM, where data is transferred on both rising and falling edges of the system's memory clock.DDR memory controllers are significantly more complicated when compared to single data rate controllers, [citation needed] but they allow for twice the data to be transferred without increasing the memory's clock rate or bus width.
As an example, take an i945 memory controller with four Kingston KHX6400D2/1G memory modules, where each module has a capacity of 1 GiB. [2] Kingston describes each module as composed of 16 "64M×8-bit" chips with each chip having an 8-bit-wide data bus. 16 × 8 equals 128, therefore, each module has two ranks of 64 bits each.