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A cycle graph illustrates the various cycles of a group and is particularly useful in visualizing the structure of small finite groups. A cycle graph for a cyclic group is simply a circular graph, where the group order is equal to the number of nodes. A single generator defines the group as a directional path on the graph, and the inverse ...
In group theory, a subfield of abstract algebra, a cycle graph of a group is an undirected graph that illustrates the various cycles of that group, given a set of generators for the group. Cycle graphs are particularly useful in visualizing the structure of small finite groups .
Circulant graphs can be described in several equivalent ways: [2] The automorphism group of the graph includes a cyclic subgroup that acts transitively on the graph's vertices. In other words, the graph has an automorphism which is a cyclic permutation of its vertices. The graph has an adjacency matrix that is a circulant matrix.
The inner automorphism group of D 2 is trivial, whereas for other even values of n, this is D n / Z 2. The cycle graphs of dihedral groups consist of an n-element cycle and n 2-element cycles. The dark vertex in the cycle graphs below of various dihedral groups represents the identity element, and the other vertices are the other elements of ...
As cycle graphs can be drawn as regular polygons, the symmetries of an n-cycle are the same as those of a regular polygon with n sides, the dihedral group of order 2n. In particular, there exist symmetries taking any vertex to any other vertex, and any edge to any other edge, so the n -cycle is a symmetric graph .
In graph theory, a graph or digraph whose adjacency matrix is circulant is called a circulant graph/digraph. Equivalently, a graph is circulant if its automorphism group contains a full-length cycle. The Möbius ladders are examples of circulant graphs, as are the Paley graphs for fields of prime order.
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There is one subgroup dZ for each integer d (consisting of the multiples of d), and with the exception of the trivial group (generated by d = 0) every such subgroup is itself an infinite cyclic group. Because the infinite cyclic group is a free group on one generator (and the trivial group is a free group on no generators), this result can be ...