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A blackjack game in progress. Card counting is a blackjack strategy used to determine whether the player or the dealer has an advantage on the next hand. Card counters try to overcome the casino house edge by keeping a running count of high and low valued cards dealt. They generally bet more when they have an advantage and less when the dealer ...
The MIT Blackjack Team was a group of students and ex-students. The students were from Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Harvard University, and other leading colleges; they used card counting techniques and more sophisticated strategies to beat casinos at blackjack worldwide. The team and its successors operated successfully from 1979 ...
Thorp is the author of Beat the Dealer, which mathematically proved that the house advantage in blackjack could be overcome by card counting. [1] He also developed and applied effective hedge fund techniques in the financial markets, and collaborated with Claude Shannon in creating the first wearable computer. [2]
Shuffle tracking is an advanced technique used with card counting. Jerry Patterson published information about the technique in the 1970s and 1980s. [1] [2] [3] Generally, a player tracks the count (high cards versus low cards) of one or more subsections of the deck as the cards are played. The selected sections may or may not be predetermined ...
In a 1983 Blackjack Forum interview, [6] Uston related that he became fascinated by blackjack and its inherent strategies after meeting professional gambler Al Francesco in a poker game. Francesco had recently launched the first "big player" type of blackjack card counting team, and he recruited Uston to be one of his main team players.
A card counting system assigns a point score to each card rank (e.g., 1 point for 2–6, 0 points for 7–9, and −1 point for 10–A). When a card is exposed, a counter adds the score of that card to a running total, the 'count'. A card counter uses this count to make betting and playing decisions.
Hyland's blackjack team has used multiple advantage gambling techniques, including computer play, shuffle tracking, and ace sequencing. All these methods gain players a higher edge than card counting and are harder for casinos to detect. In 1994, members of the Hyland blackjack team were arrested after an ace sequencing team play at Casino Windsor.
A normal blackjack strategy has ten columns, for an ace through dealer ten value card. Strategy tables for hole carding differ from normal blackjack tables as they include a column for each possible total dealer hand instead of simply the visible card. Below is a sample hole card hit/stand table for six decks, stand on soft-17.