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In approximately one-third of these cases the man is the factor, in one third the woman is the factor, and in the remaining third the infertility is a product of factors on both parts. In many lower-income countries, estimating infertility is difficult due to incomplete information and infertility and childlessness stigmas .
Causes or factors of female infertility can basically be classified regarding whether they are acquired or genetic, or strictly by location. Although factors of female infertility can be classified as either acquired or genetic, female infertility is usually more or less a combination of nature and nurture.
20-30% percent of infertility cases are due to male infertility, 20–35% are due to female infertility, and 25-40% are due to combined problems. [13] In 10–20% of cases, no cause is found. [13] The most common cause of female infertility is ovulatory problems, which generally manifest themselves by sparse or absent menstrual periods. [60]
About 10–15% of human couples are infertile, unable to conceive.In approximately in half of these cases, the underlying cause is related to the male. The underlying causative factors in the male infertility can be attributed to environmental toxins, systemic disorders such as, hypothalamic–pituitary disease, testicular cancers and germ-cell aplasia.
Male infertility can wholly or partially account for 40% of infertility among couples who are trying to have children. [2] It affects approximately 7% of all men. [3] Male infertility is commonly due to deficiencies in the semen, and semen quality is used as a surrogate measure of male fecundity. [4]
Tubal factor infertility (TFI) is female infertility caused by diseases, obstructions, damage, scarring, congenital malformations or other factors which impede the descent of a fertilized or unfertilized ovum into the uterus through the fallopian tubes and prevents a normal pregnancy and full term birth. Tubal factors cause 25-30% of ...
In unexplained infertility abnormalities are likely to be present but not detected by current methods. Possible problems could be that the egg is not released at the optimum time for fertilization, that it may not enter the fallopian tube, sperm may not be able to reach the egg, fertilization may fail to occur, transport of the zygote may be disturbed, or implantation fails.
Factors generally associated with increased fertility include religiosity, [10] intention to have children, [11] and maternal support. [12] Factors generally associated with decreased fertility include wealth , education, [ 13 ] [ 14 ] female labor participation , [ 15 ] urban residence, [ 16 ] cost of housing , [ 17 ] [ 18 ] intelligence ...