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Overgrowth of Candida albicans or other Candida (yeast infections) sometimes occurs after antibiotic therapy. [2] Bacterial vaginosis results in altered populations and ratios of the normal microbiota. [10] [3] [11] There has been no link demonstrated between taking oral probiotics and maintaining normal microbiota populations of lactobacilli. [4]
The capsule functions as the major virulence factor in cryptococcal infection and disease. [5] Some Cryptococcus species have a huge diversity at the infraspecific level with different molecular types based on their genetic differences, mainly due to their geographical distribution, molecular characteristics, and ecological niches. [6]
Antibiotics promote yeast (fungal) infections, including gastrointestinal (GI) Candida overgrowth and penetration of the GI mucosa. [9] While women are more susceptible to genital yeast infections, men can also be infected. Certain factors, such as prolonged antibiotic use, increase the risk for both men and women.
[5] [6] Yeast sizes vary greatly, depending on species and environment, typically measuring 3–4 μm in diameter, although some yeasts can grow to 40 μm in size. [7] Most yeasts reproduce asexually by mitosis , and many do so by the asymmetric division process known as budding .
Normal vaginal flora (left) is predominantly rod-shaped Lactobacilli, whereas in bacterial vaginosis (right) there is an overgrowth of bacteria, which can be of various species. A healthy vaginal microbiome aids in the prevention of bacterial vaginosis, yeast infections and other possible problems by maintaining an acidic pH (< 4.5) that is ...
Vaginal yeast infections are due to excessive growth of Candida. [1] These yeast are normally present in the vagina in small numbers. [1] Vaginal yeast infections are typically caused by the yeast species Candida albicans. Candida albicans is a common fungus often harbored in the mouth, digestive tract, or vagina without causing adverse ...
Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is an infection of the vagina caused by excessive growth of bacteria. [6] [12] Common symptoms include increased vaginal discharge that often smells like fish. [2] The discharge is usually white or gray in color. [2] Burning with urination may occur. [2] Itching is uncommon. [2] [6] Occasionally, there may be no ...
Saccharomyces cerevisiae (/ ˌ s ɛr ə ˈ v ɪ s i. iː /) (brewer's yeast or baker's yeast) is a species of yeast (single-celled fungal microorganisms). The species has been instrumental in winemaking, baking, and brewing since ancient times. It is believed to have been originally isolated from the skin of grapes.