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The three Federal Territories of Malaysia – Kuala Lumpur, Labuan and Putrajaya – are headed by the Yang di-Pertuan Agong and administered by the Department of the Federal Territories under the Prime Minister's Department. [1] All the states in Peninsular Malaysia except for Malacca, Penang, are constitutional monarchies.
The name Malaysia is a combination of the word Malays and the Latin-Greek suffix -ia/-ία [19] which can be translated as 'land of the Malays'. [20] Similar-sounding variants have also appeared in accounts older than the 11th century, as toponyms for areas in Sumatra or referring to a larger region around the Strait of Malacca. [21]
Singapore was a Malaysian state from the formation of Malaysia on 16 September 1963 until it was expelled from the Federation on 9 August 1965. During its time as a state of Malaysia, Singapore had autonomy in the areas of education and labour and was the smallest state in Malaysia by land area, but the largest by population. [24]
Kuala Lumpur remains as Malaysia's national capital city per the constitution and is still the seat of the head of state (Yang di-Pertuan Agong) and the national legislature (Parliament of Malaysia), as well as being the country's commercial and financial centre. The establishment of Putrajaya was the idea of Prime Minister Mahathir Mohamad.
Diperbuat di Istana Beta, Istana Negara, di ibu negara Beta di Kuala Lumpur pada tiga puluh satu hari bulan Januari dalam tahun dua ribu dua puluh empat. Translation in English: Whereas, by virtue of Article 32 of the Federal Constitution, it is hereby declared that there shall be a Head of State for the Federation known as the King of Malaysia ...
[2] [8] In 1963, the Federation was reconstituted as "Malaysia" when it federated with the British territories of Singapore, Sarawak, and North Borneo; a claim to the latter territory was maintained by the Philippines. [9] [10] Singapore separated from Malaysia to become an independent republic on 9 August 1965. [11]
The law of Malaysia is mainly based on the common law legal system. This was a direct result of the colonisation of Malaya, Sarawak, and North Borneo by Britain between the early 19th century to 1960s. The supreme law of the land—the Constitution of Malaysia—sets out the legal framework and rights of Malaysian citizens. Federal laws enacted ...
Heads of government in Malaysia's many states take on various titles. Seven out of nine in the Peninsular who each have historical monarchs are known as the Menteri Besar [langnotes 1] (Jawi: منتري بسر , literally Grand Minister or First Minister; abbreviated as MB), while the rest in the federation are titled Chief Minister (abbreviated as CM; in Malay: Ketua Menteri; abbreviated ...