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Benzyl isothiocyanate, and other isothiocyanates in general, were found to be protective against pancreatic carcinogenesis in vitro [3] via expression of the p21/WAF1 gene. [4] A recent published study showed its restraining impact on obesity, fatty liver, and insulin resistance in diet-induced obesity mouse model.
In organic chemistry, isothiocyanate is a functional group as found in compounds with the formula R−N=C=S. Isothiocyanates are the more common isomers of thiocyanates , which have the formula R−S−C≡N .
The main complication with this route is the competing formation of alkyisothiocyanates. "SN1-type" substrates (e.g., benzyl halides) tend to give the isothiocyanate derivatives. Some organic thiocyanates are generated by cyanation of some organosulfur compounds.
Hence, this enzyme has one substrate, benzyl isothiocyanate, and one product, benzyl thiocyanate. This enzyme belongs to the family of isomerases, specifically those other isomerases sole sub-subclass for isomerases that do not belong in the other subclasses. The systematic name of this enzyme class is benzyl-thiocyanate isomerase.
BZ is a white crystalline powder with a bitter taste. It is odorless and nonirritating with delayed symptoms several hours after contact. [2] [3] It is stable in most solvents, with a half-life of three to four weeks in moist air; even heat-producing munitions can disperse it.
Glucotropaeolin or benzyl glucosinolate is a glucosinolate found in cruciferous vegetables, particularly garden cress. [1] Upon enzymatic activity, it is transformed into benzyl isothiocyanate , which contributes to the characteristic flavor of these brassicas .
The isothiocyanate further decomposes into hydroxybenzyl alcohols with the release of thiocyanates. [1] [2] [3] In the presence of a nitrile-specifier protein, the less toxic 4-hydroxyphenylacetonitrile is formed from the mustard oil glycoside instead. The cabbage butterfly exploits this mechanism to avoid the toxic effects of the ...
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